Remove an unnecessary remote TLB flush in kvm_zap_gfn_range() now that
said function holds mmu_lock for write for its entire duration. The
flush was added by the now-reverted commit to allow TDP MMU to flush while
holding mmu_lock for read, as the transition from write=>read required
dropping the lock and thus a pending flush needed to be serviced.
Fixes: 5a324c24b6 ("Revert "KVM: x86/mmu: Allow zap gfn range to operate under the mmu read lock"")
Cc: Maxim Levitsky <mlevitsk@redhat.com>
Cc: Maciej S. Szmigiero <maciej.szmigiero@oracle.com>
Cc: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20211022010005.1454978-3-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
A recent commit to fix the calls to kvm_flush_remote_tlbs_with_address()
in kvm_zap_gfn_range() inadvertantly added yet another flush instead of
fixing the existing flush. Drop the redundant flush, and fix the params
for the existing flush.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 2822da4466 ("KVM: x86/mmu: fix parameters to kvm_flush_remote_tlbs_with_address")
Cc: Maxim Levitsky <mlevitsk@redhat.com>
Cc: Maciej S. Szmigiero <maciej.szmigiero@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20211022010005.1454978-2-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
kvm_mmu_unload() destroys all the PGD caches. Use the lighter
kvm_mmu_sync_roots() and kvm_mmu_sync_prev_roots() instead.
Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@linux.alibaba.com>
Message-Id: <20211019110154.4091-5-jiangshanlai@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
The commit 578e1c4db2 ("kvm: x86: Avoid taking MMU lock
in kvm_mmu_sync_roots if no sync is needed") added smp_wmb() in
mmu_try_to_unsync_pages(), but the corresponding smp_load_acquire() isn't
used on the load of SPTE.W. smp_load_acquire() orders _subsequent_
loads after sp->is_unsync; it does not order _earlier_ loads before
the load of sp->is_unsync.
This has no functional change; smp_rmb() is a NOP on x86, and no
compiler barrier is required because there is a VMEXIT between the
load of SPTE.W and kvm_mmu_snc_roots.
Cc: Junaid Shahid <junaids@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@linux.alibaba.com>
Message-Id: <20211019110154.4091-4-jiangshanlai@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Currently, the NX huge page recovery thread wakes up every minute and
zaps 1/nx_huge_pages_recovery_ratio of the total number of split NX
huge pages at a time. This is intended to ensure that only a
relatively small number of pages get zapped at a time. But for very
large VMs (or more specifically, VMs with a large number of
executable pages), a period of 1 minute could still result in this
number being too high (unless the ratio is changed significantly,
but that can result in split pages lingering on for too long).
This change makes the period configurable instead of fixing it at
1 minute. Users of large VMs can then adjust the period and/or the
ratio to reduce the number of pages zapped at one time while still
maintaining the same overall duration for cycling through the
entire list. By default, KVM derives a period from the ratio such
that a page will remain on the list for 1 hour on average.
Signed-off-by: Junaid Shahid <junaids@google.com>
Message-Id: <20211020010627.305925-1-junaids@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
slot_handle_leaf is a misnomer because it only operates on 4K SPTEs
whereas "leaf" is used to describe any valid terminal SPTE (4K or
large page). Rename slot_handle_leaf to slot_handle_level_4k to
avoid confusion.
Making this change makes it more obvious there is a benign discrepency
between the legacy MMU and the TDP MMU when it comes to dirty logging.
The legacy MMU only iterates through 4K SPTEs when zapping for
collapsing and when clearing D-bits. The TDP MMU, on the other hand,
iterates through SPTEs on all levels.
The TDP MMU behavior of zapping SPTEs at all levels is technically
overkill for its current dirty logging implementation, which always
demotes to 4k SPTES, but both the TDP MMU and legacy MMU zap if and only
if the SPTE can be replaced by a larger page, i.e. will not spuriously
zap 2m (or larger) SPTEs. Opportunistically add comments to explain this
discrepency in the code.
Signed-off-by: David Matlack <dmatlack@google.com>
Message-Id: <20211019162223.3935109-1-dmatlack@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
"prefetch", "prefault" and "speculative" are used throughout KVM to mean
the same thing. Use a single name, standardizing on "prefetch" which
is already used by various functions such as direct_pte_prefetch,
FNAME(prefetch_gpte), FNAME(pte_prefetch), etc.
Suggested-by: David Matlack <dmatlack@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Unify the flags for rmaps and page tracking data, using a
single flag in struct kvm_arch and a single loop to go
over all the address spaces and memslots. This avoids
code duplication between alloc_all_memslots_rmaps and
kvm_page_track_enable_mmu_write_tracking.
Signed-off-by: David Stevens <stevensd@chromium.org>
[This patch is the delta between David's v2 and v3, with conflicts
fixed and my own commit message. - Paolo]
Co-developed-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
When updating mmu->pkru_mask, the value can only be added but it isn't
reset in advance. This will make mmu->pkru_mask keep the stale data.
Fix this issue.
Fixes: 2d344105f5 ("KVM, pkeys: introduce pkru_mask to cache conditions")
Signed-off-by: Chenyi Qiang <chenyi.qiang@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20211021071022.1140-1-chenyi.qiang@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
This looks like a typo in 8f32d5e563. This change didn't intend to do
any functional changes.
The problem was caught by gVisor tests.
Fixes: 8f32d5e563 ("KVM: x86/mmu: allow kvm_faultin_pfn to return page fault handling code")
Cc: Maxim Levitsky <mlevitsk@redhat.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrei Vagin <avagin@gmail.com>
Message-Id: <20211015163221.472508-1-avagin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Avoid allocating the gfn_track arrays if nothing needs them. If there
are no external to KVM users of the API (i.e. no GVT-g), then page
tracking is only needed for shadow page tables. This means that when tdp
is enabled and there are no external users, then the gfn_track arrays
can be lazily allocated when the shadow MMU is actually used. This avoid
allocations equal to .05% of guest memory when nested virtualization is
not used, if the kernel is compiled without GVT-g.
Signed-off-by: David Stevens <stevensd@chromium.org>
Message-Id: <20210922045859.2011227-3-stevensd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
mmu_try_to_unsync_pages checks if page tracking is active for the given
gfn, which requires knowing the memslot. We can pass down the memslot
via make_spte to avoid this lookup.
The memslot is also handy for make_spte's marking of the gfn as dirty:
we can test whether dirty page tracking is enabled, and if so ensure that
pages are mapped as writable with 4K granularity. Apart from the warning,
no functional change is intended.
Signed-off-by: David Matlack <dmatlack@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210813203504.2742757-7-dmatlack@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Avoid the memslot lookup in rmap_add, by passing it down from the fault
handling code to mmu_set_spte and then to rmap_add.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: David Matlack <dmatlack@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210813203504.2742757-6-dmatlack@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
mmu_set_spte is called for either PTE prefetching or page faults. The
three boolean arguments write_fault, speculative and host_writable are
always respectively false/true/true for prefetching and coming from
a struct kvm_page_fault for page faults.
Let mmu_set_spte distinguish these two situation by accepting a
possibly NULL struct kvm_page_fault argument.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
The level and A/D bit support of the new SPTE can be found in the role,
which is stored in the kvm_mmu_page struct. This merges two arguments
into one.
For the TDP MMU, the kvm_mmu_page was not used (kvm_tdp_mmu_map does
not use it if the SPTE is already present) so we fetch it just before
calling make_spte.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
The level of the new SPTE can be found in the kvm_mmu_page struct; there
is no need to pass it down.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Now that make_spte is called directly by the shadow MMU (rather than
wrapped by set_spte), it only has to return one boolean value.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Since the two callers of set_spte do different things with the results,
inlining it actually makes the code simpler to reason about. For example,
FNAME(sync_page) already has a struct kvm_mmu_page *, but set_spte had to
fish it back out of sptep's private page data.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Since the two callers of set_spte do different things with the results,
inlining it actually makes the code simpler to reason about. For example,
mmu_set_spte looks quite like tdp_mmu_map_handle_target_level, but the
similarity is hidden by set_spte.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Now that kvm_page_fault has a pointer to the memslot it can be passed
down to the page tracking code to avoid a redundant slot lookup.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: David Matlack <dmatlack@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210813203504.2742757-5-dmatlack@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
The memslot for the faulting gfn is used throughout the page fault
handling code, so capture it in kvm_page_fault as soon as we know the
gfn and use it in the page fault handling code that has direct access
to the kvm_page_fault struct. Replace various tests using is_noslot_pfn
with more direct tests on fault->slot being NULL.
This, in combination with the subsequent patch, improves "Populate
memory time" in dirty_log_perf_test by 5% when using the legacy MMU.
There is no discerable improvement to the performance of the TDP MMU.
No functional change intended.
Suggested-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David Matlack <dmatlack@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210813203504.2742757-4-dmatlack@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
This simplifies set_spte, which we want to remove, and unifies code
between the shadow MMU and the TDP MMU. The warning will be added
back later to make_spte as well.
There is a small disadvantage in the TDP MMU; it may unnecessarily mark
a page as dirty twice if two vCPUs end up mapping the same page twice.
However, this is a very small cost for a case that is already rare.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Consolidate rmap_recycle and rmap_add into a single function since they
are only ever called together (and only from one place). This has a nice
side effect of eliminating an extra kvm_vcpu_gfn_to_memslot(). In
addition it makes mmu_set_spte(), which is a very long function, a
little shorter.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: David Matlack <dmatlack@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210813203504.2742757-3-dmatlack@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
WARN and bail if the shadow walk for faulting in a SPTE terminates early,
i.e. doesn't reach the expected level because the walk encountered a
terminal SPTE. The shadow walks for page faults are subtle in that they
install non-leaf SPTEs (zapping leaf SPTEs if necessary!) in the loop
body, and consume the newly created non-leaf SPTE in the loop control,
e.g. __shadow_walk_next(). In other words, the walks guarantee that the
walk will stop if and only if the target level is reached by installing
non-leaf SPTEs to guarantee the walk remains valid.
Opportunistically use fault->goal-level instead of it.level in
FNAME(fetch) to further clarify that KVM always installs the leaf SPTE at
the target level.
Reviewed-by: Lai Jiangshan <jiangshanlai@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@linux.alibaba.com>
Message-Id: <20210906122547.263316-1-jiangshanlai@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Pass struct kvm_page_fault to tracepoints instead of extracting the
arguments from the struct. This also lets the kvm_mmu_spte_requested
tracepoint pick the gfn directly from fault->gfn, instead of using
the address.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Pass struct kvm_page_fault to disallowed_hugepage_adjust() instead of
extracting the arguments from the struct. Tweak a bit the conditions
to avoid long lines.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Pass struct kvm_page_fault to kvm_mmu_hugepage_adjust() instead of
extracting the arguments from the struct; the results are also stored
in the struct, so the callers are adjusted consequently.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Pass struct kvm_page_fault to fast_page_fault() instead of
extracting the arguments from the struct.
Suggested-by: Isaku Yamahata <isaku.yamahata@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Pass struct kvm_page_fault to kvm_tdp_mmu_map() instead of
extracting the arguments from the struct.
Suggested-by: Isaku Yamahata <isaku.yamahata@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Pass struct kvm_page_fault to __direct_map() instead of
extracting the arguments from the struct.
Suggested-by: Isaku Yamahata <isaku.yamahata@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Pass struct kvm_page_fault to handle_abnormal_pfn() instead of
extracting the arguments from the struct.
Suggested-by: Isaku Yamahata <isaku.yamahata@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Add fields to struct kvm_page_fault corresponding to outputs of
kvm_faultin_pfn(). For now they have to be extracted again from struct
kvm_page_fault in the subsequent steps, but this is temporary until
other functions in the chain are switched over as well.
Suggested-by: Isaku Yamahata <isaku.yamahata@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Add fields to struct kvm_page_fault corresponding to the arguments
of page_fault_handle_page_track(). The fields are initialized in the
callers, and page_fault_handle_page_track() receives a struct
kvm_page_fault instead of having to extract the arguments out of it.
Suggested-by: Isaku Yamahata <isaku.yamahata@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Add fields to struct kvm_page_fault corresponding to
the arguments of direct_page_fault(). The fields are
initialized in the callers, and direct_page_fault()
receives a struct kvm_page_fault instead of having to
extract the arguments out of it.
Also adjust FNAME(page_fault) to store the max_level in
struct kvm_page_fault, to keep it similar to the direct
map path.
Suggested-by: Isaku Yamahata <isaku.yamahata@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Pass struct kvm_page_fault to mmu->page_fault() instead of
extracting the arguments from the struct. FNAME(page_fault) can use
the precomputed bools from the error code.
Suggested-by: Isaku Yamahata <isaku.yamahata@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Do not bother removing the low bits of the gpa. This masking dates back
to the very first commit of KVM but it is unnecessary, as exemplified
by the other call in kvm_tdp_page_fault.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
So far, the loop bodies already ensure the PTE is present before calling
__shadow_walk_next(): Some loop bodies simply exit with a !PRESENT
directly and some other loop bodies, i.e. FNAME(fetch) and __direct_map()
do not currently guard their walks with is_shadow_present_pte, but only
because they install present non-leaf SPTEs in the loop itself.
But checking pte present in __shadow_walk_next() (which is called from
shadow_walk_okay()) is more prudent; walking past a !PRESENT SPTE
would lead to attempting to read a the next level SPTE from a garbage
iter->shadow_addr. It also allows to remove the is_shadow_present_pte()
checks from the loop bodies.
Reviewed-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@linux.alibaba.com>
Message-Id: <20210906122547.263316-2-jiangshanlai@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
We'd better only unsync the pagetable when there just was a really
write fault on a level-1 pagetable.
Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@linux.alibaba.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20210918005636.3675-10-jiangshanlai@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
In mmu_sync_children(), it can zap the invalid list after remote tlb flushing.
Emptifying the invalid list ASAP might help reduce a remote tlb flushing
in some cases.
Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@linux.alibaba.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20210918005636.3675-8-jiangshanlai@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Currently kvm_sync_page() returns true when there is any present spte.
But the return value is ignored in the callers.
Changing kvm_sync_page() to return true when remote flush is needed and
changing mmu->sync_page() not to directly flush can combine and reduce
remote flush requests.
Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@linux.alibaba.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20210918005636.3675-7-jiangshanlai@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Because local_flush is useless, kvm_mmu_flush_or_zap() can be removed
and kvm_mmu_remote_flush_or_zap is used instead.
Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@linux.alibaba.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20210918005636.3675-6-jiangshanlai@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
After any shadow page modification, flushing tlb only on current VCPU
is weird due to other VCPU's tlb might still be stale.
In other words, if there is any mandatory tlb-flushing after shadow page
modification, SET_SPTE_NEED_REMOTE_TLB_FLUSH or remote_flush should be
set and the tlbs of all VCPUs should be flushed. There is not point to
only flush current tlb except when the request is from vCPU's or pCPU's
activities.
If there was any bug that mandatory tlb-flushing is required and
SET_SPTE_NEED_REMOTE_TLB_FLUSH/remote_flush is failed to set, this patch
would expose the bug in a more destructive way. The related code paths
are checked and no missing SET_SPTE_NEED_REMOTE_TLB_FLUSH is found yet.
Currently, there is no optional tlb-flushing after sync page related code
is changed to flush tlb timely. So we can just remove these local flushing
code.
Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@linux.alibaba.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20210918005636.3675-5-jiangshanlai@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Make a final call to direct_pte_prefetch_many() if there are "trailing"
SPTEs to prefetch, i.e. SPTEs for GFNs following the faulting GFN. The
call to direct_pte_prefetch_many() in the loop only handles the case
where there are !PRESENT SPTEs preceding a PRESENT SPTE.
E.g. if the faulting GFN is a multiple of 8 (the prefetch size) and all
SPTEs for the following GFNs are !PRESENT, the loop will terminate with
"start = sptep+1" and not prefetch any SPTEs.
Prefetching trailing SPTEs as intended can drastically reduce the number
of guest page faults, e.g. accessing the first byte of every 4kb page in
a 6gb chunk of virtual memory, in a VM with 8gb of preallocated memory,
the number of pf_fixed events observed in L0 drops from ~1.75M to <0.27M.
Note, this only affects memory that is backed by 4kb pages as KVM doesn't
prefetch when installing hugepages. Shadow paging prefetching is not
affected as it does not batch the prefetches due to the need to process
the corresponding guest PTE. The TDP MMU is not affected because it
doesn't have prefetching, yet...
Fixes: 957ed9effd ("KVM: MMU: prefetch ptes when intercepted guest #PF")
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <senozhatsky@google.com>
Cc: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210818235615.2047588-1-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
If gpte is changed from non-present to present, the guest doesn't need
to flush tlb per SDM. So the host must synchronze sp before
link it. Otherwise the guest might use a wrong mapping.
For example: the guest first changes a level-1 pagetable, and then
links its parent to a new place where the original gpte is non-present.
Finally the guest can access the remapped area without flushing
the tlb. The guest's behavior should be allowed per SDM, but the host
kvm mmu makes it wrong.
Fixes: 4731d4c7a0 ("KVM: MMU: out of sync shadow core")
Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@linux.alibaba.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20210918005636.3675-3-jiangshanlai@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
It is reasonable for these functions to be used only in some configurations,
for example only if the host is 64-bits (and therefore supports 64-bit
guests). It is also reasonable to keep the role_regs and role accessors
in sync even though some of the accessors may be used only for one of the
two sets (as is the case currently for CR4.LA57)..
Because clang reports warnings for unused inlines declared in a .c file,
mark both sets of accessors as __maybe_unused.
Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Revert a misguided illegal GPA check when "translating" a non-nested GPA.
The check is woefully incomplete as it does not fill in @exception as
expected by all callers, which leads to KVM attempting to inject a bogus
exception, potentially exposing kernel stack information in the process.
WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 8469 at arch/x86/kvm/x86.c:525 exception_type+0x98/0xb0 arch/x86/kvm/x86.c:525
CPU: 1 PID: 8469 Comm: syz-executor531 Not tainted 5.14.0-rc7-syzkaller #0
RIP: 0010:exception_type+0x98/0xb0 arch/x86/kvm/x86.c:525
Call Trace:
x86_emulate_instruction+0xef6/0x1460 arch/x86/kvm/x86.c:7853
kvm_mmu_page_fault+0x2f0/0x1810 arch/x86/kvm/mmu/mmu.c:5199
handle_ept_misconfig+0xdf/0x3e0 arch/x86/kvm/vmx/vmx.c:5336
__vmx_handle_exit arch/x86/kvm/vmx/vmx.c:6021 [inline]
vmx_handle_exit+0x336/0x1800 arch/x86/kvm/vmx/vmx.c:6038
vcpu_enter_guest+0x2a1c/0x4430 arch/x86/kvm/x86.c:9712
vcpu_run arch/x86/kvm/x86.c:9779 [inline]
kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl_run+0x47d/0x1b20 arch/x86/kvm/x86.c:10010
kvm_vcpu_ioctl+0x49e/0xe50 arch/x86/kvm/../../../virt/kvm/kvm_main.c:3652
The bug has escaped notice because practically speaking the GPA check is
useless. The GPA check in question only comes into play when KVM is
walking guest page tables (or "translating" CR3), and KVM already handles
illegal GPA checks by setting reserved bits in rsvd_bits_mask for each
PxE, or in the case of CR3 for loading PTDPTRs, manually checks for an
illegal CR3. This particular failure doesn't hit the existing reserved
bits checks because syzbot sets guest.MAXPHYADDR=1, and IA32 architecture
simply doesn't allow for such an absurd MAXPHYADDR, e.g. 32-bit paging
doesn't define any reserved PA bits checks, which KVM emulates by only
incorporating the reserved PA bits into the "high" bits, i.e. bits 63:32.
Simply remove the bogus check. There is zero meaningful value and no
architectural justification for supporting guest.MAXPHYADDR < 32, and
properly filling the exception would introduce non-trivial complexity.
This reverts commit ec7771ab47.
Fixes: ec7771ab47 ("KVM: x86: mmu: Add guest physical address check in translate_gpa()")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Reported-by: syzbot+200c08e88ae818f849ce@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210831164224.1119728-2-seanjc@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Include pml5_root in the set of special roots if and only if the host,
and thus NPT, is using 5-level paging. mmu_alloc_special_roots() expects
special roots to be allocated as a bundle, i.e. they're either all valid
or all NULL. But for pml5_root, that expectation only holds true if the
host uses 5-level paging, which causes KVM to WARN about pml5_root being
NULL when the other special roots are valid.
The silver lining of 4-level vs. 5-level NPT being tied to the host
kernel's paging level is that KVM's shadow root level is constant; unlike
VMX's EPT, KVM can't choose 4-level NPT based on guest.MAXPHYADDR. That
means KVM can still expect pml5_root to be bundled with the other special
roots, it just needs to be conditioned on the shadow root level.
Fixes: cb0f722aff ("KVM: x86/mmu: Support shadowing NPT when 5-level paging is enabled in host")
Reported-by: Maxim Levitsky <mlevitsk@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Maxim Levitsky <mlevitsk@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210824005824.205536-1-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
When the 5-level page table CPU flag is set in the host, but the guest
has CR4.LA57=0 (including the case of a 32-bit guest), the top level of
the shadow NPT page tables will be fixed, consisting of one pointer to
a lower-level table and 511 non-present entries. Extend the existing
code that creates the fixed PML4 or PDP table, to provide a fixed PML5
table if needed.
This is not needed on EPT because the number of layers in the tables
is specified in the EPTP instead of depending on the host CR4.
Suggested-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Wei Huang <wei.huang2@amd.com>
Message-Id: <20210818165549.3771014-3-wei.huang2@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
AMD future CPUs will require a 5-level NPT if host CR4.LA57 is set.
To prevent kvm_mmu_get_tdp_level() from incorrectly changing NPT level
on behalf of CPUs, add a new parameter in kvm_configure_mmu() to force
a fixed TDP level.
Signed-off-by: Wei Huang <wei.huang2@amd.com>
Message-Id: <20210818165549.3771014-2-wei.huang2@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
This change started as a way to make kvm_mmu_hugepage_adjust a bit simpler,
but it does fix two bugs as well.
One bug is in zapping collapsible PTEs. If a large page size is
disallowed but not all of them, kvm_mmu_max_mapping_level will return the
host mapping level and the small PTEs will be zapped up to that level.
However, if e.g. 1GB are prohibited, we can still zap 4KB mapping and
preserve the 2MB ones. This can happen for example when NX huge pages
are in use.
The second would happen when userspace backs guest memory
with a 1gb hugepage but only assign a subset of the page to
the guest. 1gb pages would be disallowed by the memslot, but
not 2mb. kvm_mmu_max_mapping_level() would fall through to the
host_pfn_mapping_level() logic, see the 1gb hugepage, and map the whole
thing into the guest.
Fixes: 2f57b7051f ("KVM: x86/mmu: Persist gfn_lpage_is_disallowed() to max_level")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Existing KVM code tracks the number of large pages regardless of their
sizes. Therefore, when large page of 1GB (or larger) is adopted, the
information becomes less useful because lpages counts a mix of 1G and 2M
pages.
So remove the lpages since it is easy for user space to aggregate the info.
Instead, provide a comprehensive page stats of all sizes from 4K to 512G.
Suggested-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Reviewed-by: David Matlack <dmatlack@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Mingwei Zhang <mizhang@google.com>
Cc: Jing Zhang <jingzhangos@google.com>
Cc: David Matlack <dmatlack@google.com>
Cc: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210803044607.599629-4-mizhang@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Drop an unnecessary is_shadow_present_pte() check when updating the rmaps
after installing a non-MMIO SPTE. set_spte() is used only to create
shadow-present SPTEs, e.g. MMIO SPTEs are handled early on, mmu_set_spte()
runs with mmu_lock held for write, i.e. the SPTE can't be zapped between
writing the SPTE and updating the rmaps.
Opportunistically combine the "new SPTE" logic for large pages and rmaps.
No functional change intended.
Suggested-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Reviewed-by: David Matlack <dmatlack@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Mingwei Zhang <mizhang@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210803044607.599629-2-mizhang@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
on AMD, APIC virtualization needs to dynamicaly inhibit the AVIC in a
response to some events, and this is problematic and not efficient to do by
enabling/disabling the memslot that covers APIC's mmio range.
Plus due to SRCU locking, it makes it more complex to
request AVIC inhibition.
Instead, the APIC memslot will be always enabled, but be invisible
to the guest, such as the MMU code will not install a SPTE for it,
when it is inhibited and instead jump straight to emulating the access.
When inhibiting the AVIC, this SPTE will be zapped.
This code is based on a suggestion from Sean Christopherson:
https://lkml.org/lkml/2021/7/19/2970
Suggested-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Maxim Levitsky <mlevitsk@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20210810205251.424103-8-mlevitsk@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
This will allow it to return RET_PF_EMULATE for APIC mmio
emulation.
This code is based on a patch from Sean Christopherson:
https://lkml.org/lkml/2021/7/19/2970
Suggested-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Maxim Levitsky <mlevitsk@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20210810205251.424103-7-mlevitsk@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
try_async_pf is a wrong name for this function, since this code
is used when asynchronous page fault is not enabled as well.
This code is based on a patch from Sean Christopherson:
https://lkml.org/lkml/2021/7/19/2970
Suggested-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Maxim Levitsky <mlevitsk@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20210810205251.424103-6-mlevitsk@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
This together with previous patch, ensures that
kvm_zap_gfn_range doesn't race with page fault
running on another vcpu, and will make this page fault code
retry instead.
This is based on a patch suggested by Sean Christopherson:
https://lkml.org/lkml/2021/7/22/1025
Suggested-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Maxim Levitsky <mlevitsk@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20210810205251.424103-5-mlevitsk@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
This comment makes it clear that the range of gfns that this
function receives is non inclusive.
Signed-off-by: Maxim Levitsky <mlevitsk@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20210810205251.424103-4-mlevitsk@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
kvm_flush_remote_tlbs_with_address expects (start gfn, number of pages),
and not (start gfn, end gfn)
Signed-off-by: Maxim Levitsky <mlevitsk@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20210810205251.424103-3-mlevitsk@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
This together with the next patch will fix a future race between
kvm_zap_gfn_range and the page fault handler, which will happen
when AVIC memslot is going to be only partially disabled.
The performance impact is minimal since kvm_zap_gfn_range is only
called by users, update_mtrr() and kvm_post_set_cr0().
Both only use it if the guest has non-coherent DMA, in order to
honor the guest's UC memtype.
MTRR and CD setup only happens at boot, and generally in an area
where the page tables should be small (for CD) or should not
include the affected GFNs at all (for MTRRs).
This is based on a patch suggested by Sean Christopherson:
https://lkml.org/lkml/2021/7/22/1025
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Maxim Levitsky <mlevitsk@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20210810205251.424103-2-mlevitsk@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Use this file to dump rmap statistic information. The statistic is done by
calculating the rmap count and the result is log-2-based.
An example output of this looks like (idle 6GB guest, right after boot linux):
Rmap_Count: 0 1 2-3 4-7 8-15 16-31 32-63 64-127 128-255 256-511 512-1023
Level=4K: 3086676 53045 12330 1272 502 121 76 2 0 0 0
Level=2M: 5947 231 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Level=1G: 32 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Signed-off-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20210730220455.26054-5-peterx@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Add yet another spinlock for the TDP MMU and take it when marking indirect
shadow pages unsync. When using the TDP MMU and L1 is running L2(s) with
nested TDP, KVM may encounter shadow pages for the TDP entries managed by
L1 (controlling L2) when handling a TDP MMU page fault. The unsync logic
is not thread safe, e.g. the kvm_mmu_page fields are not atomic, and
misbehaves when a shadow page is marked unsync via a TDP MMU page fault,
which runs with mmu_lock held for read, not write.
Lack of a critical section manifests most visibly as an underflow of
unsync_children in clear_unsync_child_bit() due to unsync_children being
corrupted when multiple CPUs write it without a critical section and
without atomic operations. But underflow is the best case scenario. The
worst case scenario is that unsync_children prematurely hits '0' and
leads to guest memory corruption due to KVM neglecting to properly sync
shadow pages.
Use an entirely new spinlock even though piggybacking tdp_mmu_pages_lock
would functionally be ok. Usurping the lock could degrade performance when
building upper level page tables on different vCPUs, especially since the
unsync flow could hold the lock for a comparatively long time depending on
the number of indirect shadow pages and the depth of the paging tree.
For simplicity, take the lock for all MMUs, even though KVM could fairly
easily know that mmu_lock is held for write. If mmu_lock is held for
write, there cannot be contention for the inner spinlock, and marking
shadow pages unsync across multiple vCPUs will be slow enough that
bouncing the kvm_arch cacheline should be in the noise.
Note, even though L2 could theoretically be given access to its own EPT
entries, a nested MMU must hold mmu_lock for write and thus cannot race
against a TDP MMU page fault. I.e. the additional spinlock only _needs_ to
be taken by the TDP MMU, as opposed to being taken by any MMU for a VM
that is running with the TDP MMU enabled. Holding mmu_lock for read also
prevents the indirect shadow page from being freed. But as above, keep
it simple and always take the lock.
Alternative #1, the TDP MMU could simply pass "false" for can_unsync and
effectively disable unsync behavior for nested TDP. Write protecting leaf
shadow pages is unlikely to noticeably impact traditional L1 VMMs, as such
VMMs typically don't modify TDP entries, but the same may not hold true for
non-standard use cases and/or VMMs that are migrating physical pages (from
L1's perspective).
Alternative #2, the unsync logic could be made thread safe. In theory,
simply converting all relevant kvm_mmu_page fields to atomics and using
atomic bitops for the bitmap would suffice. However, (a) an in-depth audit
would be required, (b) the code churn would be substantial, and (c) legacy
shadow paging would incur additional atomic operations in performance
sensitive paths for no benefit (to legacy shadow paging).
Fixes: a2855afc7e ("KVM: x86/mmu: Allow parallel page faults for the TDP MMU")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210812181815.3378104-1-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
gfn_to_rmap was removed in the previous patch so there is no need to
retain the double underscore on __gfn_to_rmap.
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David Matlack <dmatlack@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210804222844.1419481-7-dmatlack@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
rmap_add() and rmap_recycle() both run in the context of the vCPU and
thus we can use kvm_vcpu_gfn_to_memslot() to look up the memslot. This
enables rmap_add() and rmap_recycle() to take advantage of
vcpu->last_used_slot and avoid expensive memslot searching.
This change improves the performance of "Populate memory time" in
dirty_log_perf_test with tdp_mmu=N. In addition to improving the
performance, "Populate memory time" no longer scales with the number
of memslots in the VM.
Command | Before | After
------------------------------- | ---------------- | -------------
./dirty_log_perf_test -v64 -x1 | 15.18001570s | 14.99469366s
./dirty_log_perf_test -v64 -x64 | 18.71336392s | 14.98675076s
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David Matlack <dmatlack@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210804222844.1419481-6-dmatlack@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Take a signed 'long' instead of an 'unsigned long' for the number of
pages to add/subtract to the total number of pages used by the MMU. This
fixes a zero-extension bug on 32-bit kernels that effectively corrupts
the per-cpu counter used by the shrinker.
Per-cpu counters take a signed 64-bit value on both 32-bit and 64-bit
kernels, whereas kvm_mod_used_mmu_pages() takes an unsigned long and thus
an unsigned 32-bit value on 32-bit kernels. As a result, the value used
to adjust the per-cpu counter is zero-extended (unsigned -> signed), not
sign-extended (signed -> signed), and so KVM's intended -1 gets morphed to
4294967295 and effectively corrupts the counter.
This was found by a staggering amount of sheer dumb luck when running
kvm-unit-tests on a 32-bit KVM build. The shrinker just happened to kick
in while running tests and do_shrink_slab() logged an error about trying
to free a negative number of objects. The truly lucky part is that the
kernel just happened to be a slightly stale build, as the shrinker no
longer yells about negative objects as of commit 18bb473e50 ("mm:
vmscan: shrink deferred objects proportional to priority").
vmscan: shrink_slab: mmu_shrink_scan+0x0/0x210 [kvm] negative objects to delete nr=-858993460
Fixes: bc8a3d8925 ("kvm: mmu: Fix overflow on kvm mmu page limit calculation")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210804214609.1096003-1-seanjc@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Jim Mattson <jmattson@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Using rmap_get_first() and rmap_remove() for zapping a huge rmap list could be
slow. The easy way is to travers the rmap list, collecting the a/d bits and
free the slots along the way.
Provide a pte_list_destroy() and do exactly that.
Signed-off-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20210730220605.26377-1-peterx@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Add a counter field into pte_list_desc, so as to simplify the add/remove/loop
logic. E.g., we don't need to loop over the array any more for most reasons.
This will make more sense after we've switched the array size to be larger
otherwise the counter will be a waste.
Initially I wanted to store a tail pointer at the head of the array list so we
don't need to traverse the list at least for pushing new ones (if without the
counter we traverse both the list and the array). However that'll need
slightly more change without a huge lot benefit, e.g., after we grow entry
numbers per array the list traversing is not so expensive.
So let's be simple but still try to get as much benefit as we can with just
these extra few lines of changes (not to mention the code looks easier too
without looping over arrays).
I used the same a test case to fork 500 child and recycle them ("./rmap_fork
500" [1]), this patch further speeds up the total fork time of about 4%, which
is a total of 33% of vanilla kernel:
Vanilla: 473.90 (+-5.93%)
3->15 slots: 366.10 (+-4.94%)
Add counter: 351.00 (+-3.70%)
[1] 825436f825
Signed-off-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20210730220602.26327-1-peterx@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Currently rmap array element only contains 3 entries. However for EPT=N there
could have a lot of guest pages that got tens of even hundreds of rmap entry.
A normal distribution of a 6G guest (even if idle) shows this with rmap count
statistics:
Rmap_Count: 0 1 2-3 4-7 8-15 16-31 32-63 64-127 128-255 256-511 512-1023
Level=4K: 3089171 49005 14016 1363 235 212 15 7 0 0 0
Level=2M: 5951 227 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Level=1G: 32 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
If we do some more fork some pages will grow even larger rmap counts.
This patch makes PTE_LIST_EXT bigger so it'll be more efficient for the general
use case of EPT=N as we do list reference less and the loops over PTE_LIST_EXT
will be slightly more efficient; but still not too large so less waste when
array not full.
It should not affecting EPT=Y since EPT normally only has zero or one rmap
entry for each page, so no array is even allocated.
With a test case to fork 500 child and recycle them ("./rmap_fork 500" [1]),
this patch speeds up fork time of about 29%.
Before: 473.90 (+-5.93%)
After: 366.10 (+-4.94%)
[1] 825436f825
Signed-off-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20210730220455.26054-6-peterx@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
As alluded to in commit f36f3f2846 ("KVM: add "new" argument to
kvm_arch_commit_memory_region"), a bunch of other places where struct
kvm_memory_slot is used, needs to be refactored to preserve the
"const"ness of struct kvm_memory_slot across-the-board.
Signed-off-by: Hamza Mahfooz <someguy@effective-light.com>
Message-Id: <20210713023338.57108-1-someguy@effective-light.com>
[Do not touch body of slot_rmap_walk_init. - Paolo]
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Make fast_page_fault interoperate with the TDP MMU by leveraging
walk_shadow_page_lockless_{begin,end} to acquire the RCU read lock and
introducing a new helper function kvm_tdp_mmu_fast_pf_get_last_sptep to
grab the lowest level sptep.
Suggested-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David Matlack <dmatlack@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210713220957.3493520-5-dmatlack@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Acquire the RCU read lock in walk_shadow_page_lockless_begin and release
it in walk_shadow_page_lockless_end when the TDP MMU is enabled. This
should not introduce any functional changes but is used in the following
commit to make fast_page_fault interoperate with the TDP MMU.
Signed-off-by: David Matlack <dmatlack@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210713220957.3493520-4-dmatlack@google.com>
[Use if...else instead of if(){return;}]
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
fast_page_fault is only called from direct_page_fault where we know the
address is a gpa.
Fixes: 736c291c9f ("KVM: x86: Use gpa_t for cr2/gpa to fix TDP support on 32-bit KVM")
Reviewed-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David Matlack <dmatlack@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210713220957.3493520-2-dmatlack@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Add a new statistic max_mmu_rmap_size, which stores the maximum size of rmap
for the vm.
Signed-off-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20210625153214.43106-2-peterx@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Return the old SPTE when clearing a SPTE and push the "old SPTE present"
check to the caller. Private shadow page support will use the old SPTE
in rmap_remove() to determine whether or not there is a linked private
shadow page.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Isaku Yamahata <isaku.yamahata@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <b16bac1fd1357aaf39e425aab2177d3f89ee8318.1625186503.git.isaku.yamahata@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Employ a 'continue' to reduce the indentation for linking a new shadow
page during __direct_map() in preparation for linking private pages.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Isaku Yamahata <isaku.yamahata@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <702419686d5700373123f6ea84e7a946c2cad8b4.1625186503.git.isaku.yamahata@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
* Fixes for host SMIs on AMD
* Fixes for guest SMIs on AMD
* Fixes for selftests on s390 and ARM
* Fix memory leak
* Enforce no-instrumentation area on vmentry when hardware
breakpoints are in use.
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Merge tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm
Pull kvm fixes from Paolo Bonzini:
- Allow again loading KVM on 32-bit non-PAE builds
- Fixes for host SMIs on AMD
- Fixes for guest SMIs on AMD
- Fixes for selftests on s390 and ARM
- Fix memory leak
- Enforce no-instrumentation area on vmentry when hardware breakpoints
are in use.
* tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm: (25 commits)
KVM: selftests: smm_test: Test SMM enter from L2
KVM: nSVM: Restore nested control upon leaving SMM
KVM: nSVM: Fix L1 state corruption upon return from SMM
KVM: nSVM: Introduce svm_copy_vmrun_state()
KVM: nSVM: Check that VM_HSAVE_PA MSR was set before VMRUN
KVM: nSVM: Check the value written to MSR_VM_HSAVE_PA
KVM: SVM: Fix sev_pin_memory() error checks in SEV migration utilities
KVM: SVM: Return -EFAULT if copy_to_user() for SEV mig packet header fails
KVM: SVM: add module param to control the #SMI interception
KVM: SVM: remove INIT intercept handler
KVM: SVM: #SMI interception must not skip the instruction
KVM: VMX: Remove vmx_msr_index from vmx.h
KVM: X86: Disable hardware breakpoints unconditionally before kvm_x86->run()
KVM: selftests: Address extra memslot parameters in vm_vaddr_alloc
kvm: debugfs: fix memory leak in kvm_create_vm_debugfs
KVM: x86/pmu: Clear anythread deprecated bit when 0xa leaf is unsupported on the SVM
KVM: mmio: Fix use-after-free Read in kvm_vm_ioctl_unregister_coalesced_mmio
KVM: SVM: Revert clearing of C-bit on GPA in #NPF handler
KVM: x86/mmu: Do not apply HPA (memory encryption) mask to GPAs
KVM: x86: Use kernel's x86_phys_bits to handle reduced MAXPHYADDR
...
Ignore "dynamic" host adjustments to the physical address mask when
generating the masks for guest PTEs, i.e. the guest PA masks. The host
physical address space and guest physical address space are two different
beasts, e.g. even though SEV's C-bit is the same bit location for both
host and guest, disabling SME in the host (which clears shadow_me_mask)
does not affect the guest PTE->GPA "translation".
For non-SEV guests, not dropping bits is the correct behavior. Assuming
KVM and userspace correctly enumerate/configure guest MAXPHYADDR, bits
that are lost as collateral damage from memory encryption are treated as
reserved bits, i.e. KVM will never get to the point where it attempts to
generate a gfn using the affected bits. And if userspace wants to create
a bogus vCPU, then userspace gets to deal with the fallout of hardware
doing odd things with bad GPAs.
For SEV guests, not dropping the C-bit is technically wrong, but it's a
moot point because KVM can't read SEV guest's page tables in any case
since they're always encrypted. Not to mention that the current KVM code
is also broken since sme_me_mask does not have to be non-zero for SEV to
be supported by KVM. The proper fix would be to teach all of KVM to
correctly handle guest private memory, but that's a task for the future.
Fixes: d0ec49d4de ("kvm/x86/svm: Support Secure Memory Encryption within KVM")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Brijesh Singh <brijesh.singh@amd.com>
Cc: Tom Lendacky <thomas.lendacky@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210623230552.4027702-5-seanjc@google.com>
[Use a new header instead of adding header guards to paging_tmpl.h. - Paolo]
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
- Add MTE support in guests, complete with tag save/restore interface
- Reduce the impact of CMOs by moving them in the page-table code
- Allow device block mappings at stage-2
- Reduce the footprint of the vmemmap in protected mode
- Support the vGIC on dumb systems such as the Apple M1
- Add selftest infrastructure to support multiple configuration
and apply that to PMU/non-PMU setups
- Add selftests for the debug architecture
- The usual crop of PMU fixes
PPC:
- Support for the H_RPT_INVALIDATE hypercall
- Conversion of Book3S entry/exit to C
- Bug fixes
S390:
- new HW facilities for guests
- make inline assembly more robust with KASAN and co
x86:
- Allow userspace to handle emulation errors (unknown instructions)
- Lazy allocation of the rmap (host physical -> guest physical address)
- Support for virtualizing TSC scaling on VMX machines
- Optimizations to avoid shattering huge pages at the beginning of live migration
- Support for initializing the PDPTRs without loading them from memory
- Many TLB flushing cleanups
- Refuse to load if two-stage paging is available but NX is not (this has
been a requirement in practice for over a year)
- A large series that separates the MMU mode (WP/SMAP/SMEP etc.) from
CR0/CR4/EFER, using the MMU mode everywhere once it is computed
from the CPU registers
- Use PM notifier to notify the guest about host suspend or hibernate
- Support for passing arguments to Hyper-V hypercalls using XMM registers
- Support for Hyper-V TLB flush hypercalls and enlightened MSR bitmap on
AMD processors
- Hide Hyper-V hypercalls that are not included in the guest CPUID
- Fixes for live migration of virtual machines that use the Hyper-V
"enlightened VMCS" optimization of nested virtualization
- Bugfixes (not many)
Generic:
- Support for retrieving statistics without debugfs
- Cleanups for the KVM selftests API
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Merge tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm
Pull kvm updates from Paolo Bonzini:
"This covers all architectures (except MIPS) so I don't expect any
other feature pull requests this merge window.
ARM:
- Add MTE support in guests, complete with tag save/restore interface
- Reduce the impact of CMOs by moving them in the page-table code
- Allow device block mappings at stage-2
- Reduce the footprint of the vmemmap in protected mode
- Support the vGIC on dumb systems such as the Apple M1
- Add selftest infrastructure to support multiple configuration and
apply that to PMU/non-PMU setups
- Add selftests for the debug architecture
- The usual crop of PMU fixes
PPC:
- Support for the H_RPT_INVALIDATE hypercall
- Conversion of Book3S entry/exit to C
- Bug fixes
S390:
- new HW facilities for guests
- make inline assembly more robust with KASAN and co
x86:
- Allow userspace to handle emulation errors (unknown instructions)
- Lazy allocation of the rmap (host physical -> guest physical
address)
- Support for virtualizing TSC scaling on VMX machines
- Optimizations to avoid shattering huge pages at the beginning of
live migration
- Support for initializing the PDPTRs without loading them from
memory
- Many TLB flushing cleanups
- Refuse to load if two-stage paging is available but NX is not (this
has been a requirement in practice for over a year)
- A large series that separates the MMU mode (WP/SMAP/SMEP etc.) from
CR0/CR4/EFER, using the MMU mode everywhere once it is computed
from the CPU registers
- Use PM notifier to notify the guest about host suspend or hibernate
- Support for passing arguments to Hyper-V hypercalls using XMM
registers
- Support for Hyper-V TLB flush hypercalls and enlightened MSR bitmap
on AMD processors
- Hide Hyper-V hypercalls that are not included in the guest CPUID
- Fixes for live migration of virtual machines that use the Hyper-V
"enlightened VMCS" optimization of nested virtualization
- Bugfixes (not many)
Generic:
- Support for retrieving statistics without debugfs
- Cleanups for the KVM selftests API"
* tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm: (314 commits)
KVM: x86: rename apic_access_page_done to apic_access_memslot_enabled
kvm: x86: disable the narrow guest module parameter on unload
selftests: kvm: Allows userspace to handle emulation errors.
kvm: x86: Allow userspace to handle emulation errors
KVM: x86/mmu: Let guest use GBPAGES if supported in hardware and TDP is on
KVM: x86/mmu: Get CR4.SMEP from MMU, not vCPU, in shadow page fault
KVM: x86/mmu: Get CR0.WP from MMU, not vCPU, in shadow page fault
KVM: x86/mmu: Drop redundant rsvd bits reset for nested NPT
KVM: x86/mmu: Optimize and clean up so called "last nonleaf level" logic
KVM: x86: Enhance comments for MMU roles and nested transition trickiness
KVM: x86/mmu: WARN on any reserved SPTE value when making a valid SPTE
KVM: x86/mmu: Add helpers to do full reserved SPTE checks w/ generic MMU
KVM: x86/mmu: Use MMU's role to determine PTTYPE
KVM: x86/mmu: Collapse 32-bit PAE and 64-bit statements for helpers
KVM: x86/mmu: Add a helper to calculate root from role_regs
KVM: x86/mmu: Add helper to update paging metadata
KVM: x86/mmu: Don't update nested guest's paging bitmasks if CR0.PG=0
KVM: x86/mmu: Consolidate reset_rsvds_bits_mask() calls
KVM: x86/mmu: Use MMU role_regs to get LA57, and drop vCPU LA57 helper
KVM: x86/mmu: Get nested MMU's root level from the MMU's role
...
Let the guest use 1g hugepages if TDP is enabled and the host supports
GBPAGES, KVM can't actively prevent the guest from using 1g pages in this
case since they can't be disabled in the hardware page walker. While
injecting a page fault if a bogus 1g page is encountered during a
software page walk is perfectly reasonable since KVM is simply honoring
userspace's vCPU model, doing so arguably doesn't provide any meaningful
value, and at worst will be horribly confusing as the guest will see
inconsistent behavior and seemingly spurious page faults.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-55-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Drop the extra reset of shadow_zero_bits in the nested NPT flow now
that shadow_mmu_init_context computes the correct level for nested NPT.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-52-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Drop the pre-computed last_nonleaf_level, which is arguably wrong and at
best confusing. Per the comment:
Can have large pages at levels 2..last_nonleaf_level-1.
the intent of the variable would appear to be to track what levels can
_legally_ have large pages, but that intent doesn't align with reality.
The computed value will be wrong for 5-level paging, or if 1gb pages are
not supported.
The flawed code is not a problem in practice, because except for 32-bit
PSE paging, bit 7 is reserved if large pages aren't supported at the
level. Take advantage of this invariant and simply omit the level magic
math for 64-bit page tables (including PAE).
For 32-bit paging (non-PAE), the adjustments are needed purely because
bit 7 is ignored if PSE=0. Retain that logic as is, but make
is_last_gpte() unique per PTTYPE so that the PSE check is avoided for
PAE and EPT paging. In the spirit of avoiding branches, bump the "last
nonleaf level" for 32-bit PSE paging by adding the PSE bit itself.
Note, bit 7 is ignored or has other meaning in CR3/EPTP, but despite
FNAME(walk_addr_generic) briefly grabbing CR3/EPTP in "pte", they are
not PTEs and will blow up all the other gpte helpers.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-51-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Extract the reserved SPTE check and print helpers in get_mmio_spte() to
new helpers so that KVM can also WARN on reserved badness when making a
SPTE.
Tag the checking helper with __always_inline to improve the probability
of the compiler generating optimal code for the checking loop, e.g. gcc
appears to avoid using %rbp when the helper is tagged with a vanilla
"inline".
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-48-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Use the MMU's role instead of vCPU state or role_regs to determine the
PTTYPE, i.e. which helpers to wire up.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-47-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Skip paging32E_init_context() and paging64_init_context_common() and go
directly to paging64_init_context() (was the common version) now that
the relevant flows don't need to distinguish between 64-bit PAE and
32-bit PAE for other reasons.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-46-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Add a helper to calculate the level for non-EPT page tables from the
MMU's role_regs.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-45-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Consolidate MMU guest metadata updates into a common helper for TDP,
shadow, and nested MMUs.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-44-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Don't bother updating the bitmasks and last-leaf information if paging is
disabled as the metadata will never be used.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-43-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Move calls to reset_rsvds_bits_mask() out of the various mode statements
and under a more generic CR0.PG=1 check. This will allow for additional
code consolidation in the future.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-42-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Get LA57 from the role_regs, which are initialized from the vCPU even
though TDP is enabled, instead of pulling the value directly from the
vCPU when computing the guest's root_level for TDP MMUs. Note, the check
is inside an is_long_mode() statement, so that requirement is not lost.
Use role_regs even though the MMU's role is available and arguably
"better". A future commit will consolidate the guest root level logic,
and it needs access to EFER.LMA, which is not tracked in the role (it
can't be toggled on VM-Exit, unlike LA57).
Drop is_la57_mode() as there are no remaining users, and to discourage
pulling MMU state from the vCPU (in the future).
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-41-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Initialize the MMU's (guest) root_level using its mmu_role instead of
redoing the calculations. The role_regs used to calculate the mmu_role
are initialized from the vCPU, i.e. this should be a complete nop.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-40-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Drop kvm_mmu.nx as there no consumers left.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-39-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Get the MMU's effective EFER.NX from its role instead of using the
one-off, dedicated flag. This will allow dropping said flag in a
future commit.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-38-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Use the MMU's role and role_regs to calculate the MMU's guest root level
and NX bit. For some flows, the vCPU state may not be correct (or
relevant), e.g. EPT doesn't interact with EFER.NX and nested NPT will
configure the guest_mmu with possibly-stale vCPU state.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-37-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Use the MMU's role to get CR4.PSE when determining the last level at
which the guest _cannot_ create a non-leaf PTE, i.e. cannot create a
huge page.
Note, the existing logic is arguably wrong when considering 5-level
paging and the case where 1gb pages aren't supported. In practice, the
logic is confusing but not broken, because except for 32-bit non-PAE
paging, bit 7 (_PAGE_PSE) bit is reserved when a huge page isn't supported at
that level. I.e. setting bit 7 will terminate the guest walk one way or
another. Furthermore, last_nonleaf_level is only consulted after KVM has
verified there are no reserved bits set.
All that confusion will be addressed in a future patch by dropping
last_nonleaf_level entirely. For now, massage the code to continue the
march toward using mmu_role for (almost) all MMU computations.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-35-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Use the MMU's role to calculate the Protection Keys (Restrict Userspace)
bitmask instead of pulling bits from current vCPU state. For some flows,
the vCPU state may not be correct (or relevant), e.g. EPT doesn't
interact with PKRU. Case in point, the "ept" param simply disappears.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-34-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Use the MMU's role to generate the permission bitmasks for the MMU.
For some flows, the vCPU state may not be correct (or relevant), e.g.
the nested NPT MMU can be initialized with incoherent vCPU state.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-33-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Drop the vCPU param from __reset_rsvds_bits_mask() as it's now unused,
and ideally will remain unused in the future. Any information that's
needed by the low level helper should be explicitly provided as it's used
for both shadow/host MMUs and guest MMUs, i.e. vCPU state may be
meaningless or simply wrong.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-32-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Use the MMU's role to get CR4.PSE when calculating reserved bits for the
guest's PTEs. Practically speaking, this is a glorified nop as the role
always come from vCPU state for the relevant flows, but converting to
the roles will provide consistency once everything else is converted, and
will Just Work if the "always comes from vCPU" behavior were ever to
change (unlikely).
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-31-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Unconditionally pass pse=false when calculating reserved bits for shadow
PTEs. CR4.PSE is only relevant for 32-bit non-PAE paging, which KVM does
not use for shadow paging (including nested NPT).
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-30-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Refactor shadow MMU initialization to immediately set its new mmu_role
after verifying it differs from the old role, and so that all flavors
of MMU initialization share the same check-and-set pattern. Immediately
setting the role will allow future commits to use mmu_role to configure
the MMU without consuming stale state.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-29-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Don't set cr4_pke or cr4_la57 in the MMU role if long mode isn't active,
which is required for protection keys and 5-level paging to be fully
enabled. Ignoring the bit avoids unnecessary reconfiguration on reuse,
and also means consumers of mmu_role don't need to manually check for
long mode.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-28-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Don't set CR0/CR4/EFER bits in the MMU role if paging is disabled, paging
modifiers are irrelevant if there is no paging in the first place.
Somewhat arbitrarily clear gpte_is_8_bytes for shadow paging if paging is
disabled in the guest. Again, there are no guest PTEs to process, so the
size is meaningless.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-27-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Add accessors via a builder macro for all mmu_role bits that track a CR0,
CR4, or EFER bit, abstracting whether the bits are in the base or the
extended role.
Future commits will switch to using mmu_role instead of vCPU state to
configure the MMU, i.e. there are about to be a large number of users.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-26-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Rename "nxe" to "efer_nx" so that future macro magic can use the pattern
<reg>_<bit> for all CR0, CR4, and EFER bits that included in the role.
Using "efer_nx" also makes it clear that the role bit reflects EFER.NX,
not the NX bit in the corresponding PTE.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-25-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Use the provided role_regs to calculate the mmu_role instead of pulling
bits from current vCPU state. For some flows, e.g. nested TDP, the vCPU
state may not be correct (or relevant).
Cc: Maxim Levitsky <mlevitsk@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-24-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Do not incorporate CR0/CR4 bits into the role for the nested EPT MMU, as
EPT behavior is not influenced by CR0/CR4. Note, this is the guest_mmu,
(L1's EPT), not nested_mmu (L2's IA32 paging); the nested_mmu does need
CR0/CR4, and is initialized in a separate flow.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-23-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Consolidate the MMU metadata update calls to deduplicate code, and to
prep for future cleanup.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-22-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Introduce "struct kvm_mmu_role_regs" to hold the register state that is
incorporated into the mmu_role. For nested TDP, the register state that
is factored into the MMU isn't vCPU state; the dedicated struct will be
used to propagate the correct state throughout the flows without having
to pass multiple params, and also provides helpers for the various flag
accessors.
Intentionally make the new helpers cumbersome/ugly by prepending four
underscores. In the not-too-distant future, it will be preferable to use
the mmu_role to query bits as the mmu_role can drop irrelevant bits
without creating contradictions, e.g. clearing CR4 bits when CR0.PG=0.
Reserve the clean helper names (no underscores) for the mmu_role.
Add a helper for vCPU conversion, which is the common case.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-21-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Use the mmu_role to initialize shadow root level instead of assuming the
level of KVM's shadow root (host) is the same as that of the guest root,
or in the case of 32-bit non-PAE paging where KVM forces PAE paging.
For nested NPT, the shadow root level cannot be adapted to L1's NPT root
level and is instead always the TDP root level because NPT uses the
current host CR0/CR4/EFER, e.g. 64-bit KVM can't drop into 32-bit PAE to
shadow L1's NPT.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-20-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Move nested NPT's invocation of reset_shadow_zero_bits_mask() into the
MMU proper and unexport said function. Aside from dropping an export,
this is a baby step toward eliminating the call entirely by fixing the
shadow_root_level confusion.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-19-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Grab all CR0/CR4 MMU role bits from current vCPU state when initializing
a non-nested shadow MMU. Extract the masks from kvm_post_set_cr{0,4}(),
as the CR0/CR4 update masks must exactly match the mmu_role bits, with
one exception (see below). The "full" CR0/CR4 will be used by future
commits to initialize the MMU and its role, as opposed to the current
approach of pulling everything from vCPU, which is incorrect for certain
flows, e.g. nested NPT.
CR4.LA57 is an exception, as it can be toggled on VM-Exit (for L1's MMU)
but can't be toggled via MOV CR4 while long mode is active. I.e. LA57
needs to be in the mmu_role, but technically doesn't need to be checked
by kvm_post_set_cr4(). However, the extra check is completely benign as
the hardware restrictions simply mean LA57 will never be _the_ cause of
a MMU reset during MOV CR4.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-18-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Drop the smep_andnot_wp role check from the "uses NX" calculation now
that all non-nested shadow MMUs treat NX as used via the !TDP check.
The shadow MMU for nested NPT, which shares the helper, does not need to
deal with SMEP (or WP) as NPT walks are always "user" accesses and WP is
explicitly noted as being ignored:
Table walks for guest page tables are always treated as user writes at
the nested page table level.
A table walk for the guest page itself is always treated as a user
access at the nested page table level
The host hCR0.WP bit is ignored under nested paging.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-17-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
When configuring KVM's MMU, pass CR0 and CR4 as unsigned longs, and EFER
as a u64 in various flows (mostly MMU). Passing the params as u32s is
functionally ok since all of the affected registers reserve bits 63:32 to
zero (enforced by KVM), but it's technically wrong.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-15-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Rename mmu_need_write_protect() to mmu_try_to_unsync_pages() and update
a variety of related, stale comments. Add several new comments to call
out subtle details, e.g. that upper-level shadow pages are write-tracked,
and that can_unsync is false iff KVM is in the process of synchronizing
pages.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-14-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Nove the kvm_unlink_unsync_page() call out of kvm_sync_page() and into
it's sole caller, and fold __kvm_sync_page() into kvm_sync_page() since
the latter becomes a pure pass-through. There really should be no reason
for code to do a complete sync of a shadow page outside of the full
kvm_mmu_sync_roots(), e.g. the one use case that creeped in turned out to
be flawed and counter-productive.
Drop the stale comment about @sp->gfn needing to be write-protected, as
it directly contradicts the kvm_mmu_get_page() usage.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-13-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Explain the usage of sync_page() in kvm_mmu_get_page(), which is
subtle in how and why it differs from mmu_sync_children().
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
[Split out of a different patch by Sean. - Paolo]
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
When synchronizing a shadow page, WARN and zap the page if its mmu role
isn't compatible with the current MMU context, where "compatible" is an
exact match sans the bits that have no meaning in the overall MMU context
or will be explicitly overwritten during the sync. Many of the helpers
used by sync_page() are specific to the current context, updating a SMM
vs. non-SMM shadow page would use the wrong memslots, updating L1 vs. L2
PTEs might work but would be extremely bizaree, and so on and so forth.
Drop the guard with respect to 8-byte vs. 4-byte PTEs in
__kvm_sync_page(), it was made useless when kvm_mmu_get_page() stopped
trying to sync shadow pages irrespective of the current MMU context.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-12-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Originally, __kvm_sync_page used to check the cr4_pae bit in the role
to avoid zapping 4-byte kvm_mmu_pages when guest page size are 8-byte
or the other way round. However, in commit 47c42e6b41 ("KVM: x86: fix
handling of role.cr4_pae and rename it to 'gpte_size'", 2019-03-28) it
was observed that this did not work for nested EPT, where the page table
size would be 8 bytes even if CR4.PAE=0. (Note that the check still
has to be done for nested *NPT*, so it is not possible to use tdp_enabled
or similar).
Therefore, a hack was introduced to identify nested EPT shadow pages
and unconditionally call __kvm_sync_page() on them. However, it is
possible to do without the hack to identify nested EPT shadow pages:
if EPT is active, there will be no shadow pages in non-EPT format,
and all of them will have gpte_is_8_bytes set to true; we can just
check the MMU role directly, and the test will always be true.
Even for non-EPT shadow MMUs, this test should really always be true
now that __kvm_sync_page() is called if and only if the role is an
exact match (kvm_mmu_get_page()) or is part of the current MMU context
(kvm_mmu_sync_roots()). A future commit will convert the likely-pointless
check into a meaningful WARN to enforce that the mmu_roles of the current
context and the shadow page are compatible.
Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-11-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
When creating a new upper-level shadow page, zap unsync shadow pages at
the same target gfn instead of attempting to sync the pages. This fixes
a bug where an unsync shadow page could be sync'd with an incompatible
context, e.g. wrong smm, is_guest, etc... flags. In practice, the bug is
relatively benign as sync_page() is all but guaranteed to fail its check
that the guest's desired gfn (for the to-be-sync'd page) matches the
current gfn associated with the shadow page. I.e. kvm_sync_page() would
end up zapping the page anyways.
Alternatively, __kvm_sync_page() could be modified to explicitly verify
the mmu_role of the unsync shadow page is compatible with the current MMU
context. But, except for this specific case, __kvm_sync_page() is called
iff the page is compatible, e.g. the transient sync in kvm_mmu_get_page()
requires an exact role match, and the call from kvm_sync_mmu_roots() is
only synchronizing shadow pages from the current MMU (which better be
compatible or KVM has problems). And as described above, attempting to
sync shadow pages when creating an upper-level shadow page is unlikely
to succeed, e.g. zero successful syncs were observed when running Linux
guests despite over a million attempts.
Fixes: 9f1a122f97 ("KVM: MMU: allow more page become unsync at getting sp time")
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-10-seanjc@google.com>
[Remove WARN_ON after __kvm_sync_page. - Paolo]
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Drop MAXPHYADDR from mmu_role now that all MMUs have their role
invalidated after a CPUID update. Invalidating the role forces all MMUs
to re-evaluate the guest's MAXPHYADDR, and the guest's MAXPHYADDR can
only be changed only through a CPUID update.
This reverts commit de3ccd26fa.
Cc: Yu Zhang <yu.c.zhang@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-9-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Warn userspace that KVM_SET_CPUID{,2} after KVM_RUN "may" cause guest
instability. Initialize last_vmentry_cpu to -1 and use it to detect if
the vCPU has been run at least once when its CPUID model is changed.
KVM does not correctly handle changes to paging related settings in the
guest's vCPU model after KVM_RUN, e.g. MAXPHYADDR, GBPAGES, etc... KVM
could theoretically zap all shadow pages, but actually making that happen
is a mess due to lock inversion (vcpu->mutex is held). And even then,
updating paging settings on the fly would only work if all vCPUs are
stopped, updated in concert with identical settings, then restarted.
To support running vCPUs with different vCPU models (that affect paging),
KVM would need to track all relevant information in kvm_mmu_page_role.
Note, that's the _page_ role, not the full mmu_role. Updating mmu_role
isn't sufficient as a vCPU can reuse a shadow page translation that was
created by a vCPU with different settings and thus completely skip the
reserved bit checks (that are tied to CPUID).
Tracking CPUID state in kvm_mmu_page_role is _extremely_ undesirable as
it would require doubling gfn_track from a u16 to a u32, i.e. would
increase KVM's memory footprint by 2 bytes for every 4kb of guest memory.
E.g. MAXPHYADDR (6 bits), GBPAGES, AMD vs. INTEL = 1 bit, and SEV C-BIT
would all need to be tracked.
In practice, there is no remotely sane use case for changing any paging
related CPUID entries on the fly, so just sweep it under the rug (after
yelling at userspace).
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-8-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Invalidate all MMUs' roles after a CPUID update to force reinitizliation
of the MMU context/helpers. Despite the efforts of commit de3ccd26fa
("KVM: MMU: record maximum physical address width in kvm_mmu_extended_role"),
there are still a handful of CPUID-based properties that affect MMU
behavior but are not incorporated into mmu_role. E.g. 1gb hugepage
support, AMD vs. Intel handling of bit 8, and SEV's C-Bit location all
factor into the guest's reserved PTE bits.
The obvious alternative would be to add all such properties to mmu_role,
but doing so provides no benefit over simply forcing a reinitialization
on every CPUID update, as setting guest CPUID is a rare operation.
Note, reinitializing all MMUs after a CPUID update does not fix all of
KVM's woes. Specifically, kvm_mmu_page_role doesn't track the CPUID
properties, which means that a vCPU can reuse shadow pages that should
not exist for the new vCPU model, e.g. that map GPAs that are now illegal
(due to MAXPHYADDR changes) or that set bits that are now reserved
(PAGE_SIZE for 1gb pages), etc...
Tracking the relevant CPUID properties in kvm_mmu_page_role would address
the majority of problems, but fully tracking that much state in the
shadow page role comes with an unpalatable cost as it would require a
non-trivial increase in KVM's memory footprint. The GBPAGES case is even
worse, as neither Intel nor AMD provides a way to disable 1gb hugepage
support in the hardware page walker, i.e. it's a virtualization hole that
can't be closed when using TDP.
In other words, resetting the MMU after a CPUID update is largely a
superficial fix. But, it will allow reverting the tracking of MAXPHYADDR
in the mmu_role, and that case in particular needs to mostly work because
KVM's shadow_root_level depends on guest MAXPHYADDR when 5-level paging
is supported. For cases where KVM botches guest behavior, the damage is
limited to that guest. But for the shadow_root_level, a misconfigured
MMU can cause KVM to incorrectly access memory, e.g. due to walking off
the end of its shadow page tables.
Fixes: 7dcd575520 ("x86/kvm/mmu: check if tdp/shadow MMU reconfiguration is needed")
Cc: Yu Zhang <yu.c.zhang@linux.intel.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-7-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Restore CR4.LA57 to the mmu_role to fix an amusing edge case with nested
virtualization. When KVM (L0) is using TDP, CR4.LA57 is not reflected in
mmu_role.base.level because that tracks the shadow root level, i.e. TDP
level. Normally, this is not an issue because LA57 can't be toggled
while long mode is active, i.e. the guest has to first disable paging,
then toggle LA57, then re-enable paging, thus ensuring an MMU
reinitialization.
But if L1 is crafty, it can load a new CR4 on VM-Exit and toggle LA57
without having to bounce through an unpaged section. L1 can also load a
new CR3 on exit, i.e. it doesn't even need to play crazy paging games, a
single entry PML5 is sufficient. Such shenanigans are only problematic
if L0 and L1 use TDP, otherwise L1 and L2 share an MMU that gets
reinitialized on nested VM-Enter/VM-Exit due to mmu_role.base.guest_mode.
Note, in the L2 case with nested TDP, even though L1 can switch between
L2s with different LA57 settings, thus bypassing the paging requirement,
in that case KVM's nested_mmu will track LA57 in base.level.
This reverts commit 8053f924ca.
Fixes: 8053f924ca ("KVM: x86/mmu: Drop kvm_mmu_extended_role.cr4_la57 hack")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-6-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Mark NX as being used for all non-nested shadow MMUs, as KVM will set the
NX bit for huge SPTEs if the iTLB mutli-hit mitigation is enabled.
Checking the mitigation itself is not sufficient as it can be toggled on
at any time and KVM doesn't reset MMU contexts when that happens. KVM
could reset the contexts, but that would require purging all SPTEs in all
MMUs, for no real benefit. And, KVM already forces EFER.NX=1 when TDP is
disabled (for WP=0, SMEP=1, NX=0), so technically NX is never reserved
for shadow MMUs.
Fixes: b8e8c8303f ("kvm: mmu: ITLB_MULTIHIT mitigation")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622175739.3610207-3-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
In the case where kvm_memslots_have_rmaps(kvm) is false the boolean
variable flush is not set and is uninitialized. If is_tdp_mmu_enabled(kvm)
is true then the call to kvm_tdp_mmu_zap_collapsible_sptes passes the
uninitialized value of flush into the call. Fix this by initializing
flush to false.
Addresses-Coverity: ("Uninitialized scalar variable")
Fixes: e2209710cc ("KVM: x86/mmu: Skip rmap operations if rmaps not allocated")
Signed-off-by: Colin Ian King <colin.king@canonical.com>
Reviewed-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210622150912.23429-1-colin.king@canonical.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
The root_hpa checks below the top-level check in kvm_mmu_page_fault are
theoretically redundant since there is no longer a way for the root_hpa
to be reset during a page fault. The details of why are described in
commit ddce620821 ("KVM: x86/mmu: Move root_hpa validity checks to top
of page fault handler")
__direct_map, kvm_tdp_mmu_map, and get_mmio_spte are all only reachable
through kvm_mmu_page_fault, therefore their root_hpa checks are
redundant.
Suggested-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David Matlack <dmatlack@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210617231948.2591431-5-dmatlack@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
This change simplifies the call sites slightly and also abstracts away
the implementation detail of looking at root_hpa as the mechanism for
determining if the mmu is the TDP MMU.
Suggested-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David Matlack <dmatlack@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210617231948.2591431-4-dmatlack@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
This check is redundant because the root shadow page will only be a TDP
MMU page if is_tdp_mmu_enabled() returns true, and is_tdp_mmu_enabled()
never changes for the lifetime of a VM.
It's possible that this check was added for performance reasons but it
is unlikely that it is useful in practice since to_shadow_page() is
cheap. That being said, this patch also caches the return value of
is_tdp_mmu_root() in direct_page_fault() since there's no reason to
duplicate the call so many times, so performance is not a concern.
Suggested-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David Matlack <dmatlack@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210617231948.2591431-3-dmatlack@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Snapshot kvm->stats.nx_lpage_splits into a local unsigned long to avoid
64-bit division on 32-bit kernels. Casting to an unsigned long is safe
because the maximum number of shadow pages, n_max_mmu_pages, is also an
unsigned long, i.e. KVM will start recycling shadow pages before the
number of splits can exceed a 32-bit value.
ERROR: modpost: "__udivdi3" [arch/x86/kvm/kvm.ko] undefined!
Fixes: 7ee093d4f3f5 ("KVM: switch per-VM stats to u64")
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210615162905.2132937-1-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Remove the @reset_roots param from kvm_init_mmu(), the one user,
kvm_mmu_reset_context() has already unloaded the MMU and thus freed and
invalidated all roots. This also happens to be why the reset_roots=true
paths doesn't leak roots; they're already invalid.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210609234235.1244004-14-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
When emulating INVVPID for L1, free only L2+ roots, using the guest_mode
tag in the MMU role to identify L2+ roots. From L1's perspective, its
own TLB entries use VPID=0, and INVVPID is not requied to invalidate such
entries. Per Intel's SDM, INVVPID _may_ invalidate entries with VPID=0,
but it is not required to do so.
Cc: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@linux.alibaba.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210609234235.1244004-10-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Drop skip_mmu_sync and skip_tlb_flush from __kvm_mmu_new_pgd() now that
all call sites unconditionally skip both the sync and flush.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210609234235.1244004-8-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Introduce nested_svm_transition_tlb_flush() and use it force an MMU sync
and TLB flush on nSVM VM-Enter and VM-Exit instead of sneaking the logic
into the __kvm_mmu_new_pgd() call sites. Add a partial todo list to
document issues that need to be addressed before the unconditional sync
and flush can be modified to look more like nVMX's logic.
In addition to making nSVM's forced flushing more overt (guess who keeps
losing track of it), the new helper brings further convergence between
nSVM and nVMX, and also sets the stage for dropping the "skip" params
from __kvm_mmu_new_pgd().
Cc: Maxim Levitsky <mlevitsk@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210609234235.1244004-7-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
If the TDP MMU is in use, wait to allocate the rmaps until the shadow
MMU is actually used. (i.e. a nested VM is launched.) This saves memory
equal to 0.2% of guest memory in cases where the TDP MMU is used and
there are no nested guests involved.
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210518173414.450044-8-bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
If only the TDP MMU is being used to manage the memory mappings for a VM,
then many rmap operations can be skipped as they are guaranteed to be
no-ops. This saves some time which would be spent on the rmap operation.
It also avoids acquiring the MMU lock in write mode for many operations.
This makes it safe to run the VM without rmaps allocated, when only
using the TDP MMU and sets the stage for waiting to allocate the rmaps
until they're needed.
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210518173414.450044-7-bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Add a field to control whether new memslots should have rmaps allocated
for them. As of this change, it's not safe to skip allocating rmaps, so
the field is always set to allocate rmaps. Future changes will make it
safe to operate without rmaps, using the TDP MMU. Then further changes
will allow the rmaps to be allocated lazily when needed for nested
oprtation.
No functional change expected.
Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210518173414.450044-6-bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Currently, when dirty logging is started in initially-all-set mode,
we write protect huge pages to prepare for splitting them into
4K pages, and leave normal pages untouched as the logging will
be enabled lazily as dirty bits are cleared.
However, enabling dirty logging lazily is also feasible for huge pages.
This not only reduces the time of start dirty logging, but it also
greatly reduces side-effect on guest when there is high dirty rate.
Signed-off-by: Keqian Zhu <zhukeqian1@huawei.com>
Message-Id: <20210429034115.35560-3-zhukeqian1@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Prepare for write protecting large page lazily during dirty log tracking,
for which we will only need to write protect gfns at large page
granularity.
No functional or performance change expected.
Signed-off-by: Keqian Zhu <zhukeqian1@huawei.com>
Message-Id: <20210429034115.35560-2-zhukeqian1@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Function 'is_nx_huge_page_enabled' is called only by kvm/mmu, so make
it as inline fucntion and remove the unnecessary declaration.
Cc: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Suggested-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Shaokun Zhang <zhangshaokun@hisilicon.com>
Message-Id: <1622102271-63107-1-git-send-email-zhangshaokun@hisilicon.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Calculate and check the full mmu_role when initializing the MMU context
for the nested MMU, where "full" means the bits and pieces of the role
that aren't handled by kvm_calc_mmu_role_common(). While the nested MMU
isn't used for shadow paging, things like the number of levels in the
guest's page tables are surprisingly important when walking the guest
page tables. Failure to reinitialize the nested MMU context if L2's
paging mode changes can result in unexpected and/or missed page faults,
and likely other explosions.
E.g. if an L1 vCPU is running both a 32-bit PAE L2 and a 64-bit L2, the
"common" role calculation will yield the same role for both L2s. If the
64-bit L2 is run after the 32-bit PAE L2, L0 will fail to reinitialize
the nested MMU context, ultimately resulting in a bad walk of L2's page
tables as the MMU will still have a guest root_level of PT32E_ROOT_LEVEL.
WARNING: CPU: 4 PID: 167334 at arch/x86/kvm/vmx/vmx.c:3075 ept_save_pdptrs+0x15/0xe0 [kvm_intel]
Modules linked in: kvm_intel]
CPU: 4 PID: 167334 Comm: CPU 3/KVM Not tainted 5.13.0-rc1-d849817d5673-reqs #185
Hardware name: ASUS Q87M-E/Q87M-E, BIOS 1102 03/03/2014
RIP: 0010:ept_save_pdptrs+0x15/0xe0 [kvm_intel]
Code: <0f> 0b c3 f6 87 d8 02 00f
RSP: 0018:ffffbba702dbba00 EFLAGS: 00010202
RAX: 0000000000000011 RBX: 0000000000000002 RCX: ffffffff810a2c08
RDX: ffff91d7bc30acc0 RSI: 0000000000000011 RDI: ffff91d7bc30a600
RBP: ffff91d7bc30a600 R08: 0000000000000010 R09: 0000000000000007
R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: ffff91d7bc30a600
R13: ffff91d7bc30acc0 R14: ffff91d67c123460 R15: 0000000115d7e005
FS: 00007fe8e9ffb700(0000) GS:ffff91d90fb00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
CR2: 0000000000000000 CR3: 000000029f15a001 CR4: 00000000001726e0
Call Trace:
kvm_pdptr_read+0x3a/0x40 [kvm]
paging64_walk_addr_generic+0x327/0x6a0 [kvm]
paging64_gva_to_gpa_nested+0x3f/0xb0 [kvm]
kvm_fetch_guest_virt+0x4c/0xb0 [kvm]
__do_insn_fetch_bytes+0x11a/0x1f0 [kvm]
x86_decode_insn+0x787/0x1490 [kvm]
x86_decode_emulated_instruction+0x58/0x1e0 [kvm]
x86_emulate_instruction+0x122/0x4f0 [kvm]
vmx_handle_exit+0x120/0x660 [kvm_intel]
kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl_run+0xe25/0x1cb0 [kvm]
kvm_vcpu_ioctl+0x211/0x5a0 [kvm]
__x64_sys_ioctl+0x83/0xb0
do_syscall_64+0x40/0xb0
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xae
Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: bf627a9288 ("x86/kvm/mmu: check if MMU reconfiguration is needed in init_kvm_nested_mmu()")
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210610220026.1364486-1-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Disallow loading KVM SVM if 5-level paging is supported. In theory, NPT
for L1 should simply work, but there unknowns with respect to how the
guest's MAXPHYADDR will be handled by hardware.
Nested NPT is more problematic, as running an L1 VMM that is using
2-level page tables requires stacking single-entry PDP and PML4 tables in
KVM's NPT for L2, as there are no equivalent entries in L1's NPT to
shadow. Barring hardware magic, for 5-level paging, KVM would need stack
another layer to handle PML5.
Opportunistically rename the lm_root pointer, which is used for the
aforementioned stacking when shadowing 2-level L1 NPT, to pml4_root to
call out that it's specifically for PML4.
Suggested-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210505204221.1934471-1-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
- Stage-2 isolation for the host kernel when running in protected mode
- Guest SVE support when running in nVHE mode
- Force W^X hypervisor mappings in nVHE mode
- ITS save/restore for guests using direct injection with GICv4.1
- nVHE panics now produce readable backtraces
- Guest support for PTP using the ptp_kvm driver
- Performance improvements in the S2 fault handler
x86:
- Optimizations and cleanup of nested SVM code
- AMD: Support for virtual SPEC_CTRL
- Optimizations of the new MMU code: fast invalidation,
zap under read lock, enable/disably dirty page logging under
read lock
- /dev/kvm API for AMD SEV live migration (guest API coming soon)
- support SEV virtual machines sharing the same encryption context
- support SGX in virtual machines
- add a few more statistics
- improved directed yield heuristics
- Lots and lots of cleanups
Generic:
- Rework of MMU notifier interface, simplifying and optimizing
the architecture-specific code
- Some selftests improvements
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Merge tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm
Pull kvm updates from Paolo Bonzini:
"This is a large update by KVM standards, including AMD PSP (Platform
Security Processor, aka "AMD Secure Technology") and ARM CoreSight
(debug and trace) changes.
ARM:
- CoreSight: Add support for ETE and TRBE
- Stage-2 isolation for the host kernel when running in protected
mode
- Guest SVE support when running in nVHE mode
- Force W^X hypervisor mappings in nVHE mode
- ITS save/restore for guests using direct injection with GICv4.1
- nVHE panics now produce readable backtraces
- Guest support for PTP using the ptp_kvm driver
- Performance improvements in the S2 fault handler
x86:
- AMD PSP driver changes
- Optimizations and cleanup of nested SVM code
- AMD: Support for virtual SPEC_CTRL
- Optimizations of the new MMU code: fast invalidation, zap under
read lock, enable/disably dirty page logging under read lock
- /dev/kvm API for AMD SEV live migration (guest API coming soon)
- support SEV virtual machines sharing the same encryption context
- support SGX in virtual machines
- add a few more statistics
- improved directed yield heuristics
- Lots and lots of cleanups
Generic:
- Rework of MMU notifier interface, simplifying and optimizing the
architecture-specific code
- a handful of "Get rid of oprofile leftovers" patches
- Some selftests improvements"
* tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm: (379 commits)
KVM: selftests: Speed up set_memory_region_test
selftests: kvm: Fix the check of return value
KVM: x86: Take advantage of kvm_arch_dy_has_pending_interrupt()
KVM: SVM: Skip SEV cache flush if no ASIDs have been used
KVM: SVM: Remove an unnecessary prototype declaration of sev_flush_asids()
KVM: SVM: Drop redundant svm_sev_enabled() helper
KVM: SVM: Move SEV VMCB tracking allocation to sev.c
KVM: SVM: Explicitly check max SEV ASID during sev_hardware_setup()
KVM: SVM: Unconditionally invoke sev_hardware_teardown()
KVM: SVM: Enable SEV/SEV-ES functionality by default (when supported)
KVM: SVM: Condition sev_enabled and sev_es_enabled on CONFIG_KVM_AMD_SEV=y
KVM: SVM: Append "_enabled" to module-scoped SEV/SEV-ES control variables
KVM: SEV: Mask CPUID[0x8000001F].eax according to supported features
KVM: SVM: Move SEV module params/variables to sev.c
KVM: SVM: Disable SEV/SEV-ES if NPT is disabled
KVM: SVM: Free sev_asid_bitmap during init if SEV setup fails
KVM: SVM: Zero out the VMCB array used to track SEV ASID association
x86/sev: Drop redundant and potentially misleading 'sev_enabled'
KVM: x86: Move reverse CPUID helpers to separate header file
KVM: x86: Rename GPR accessors to make mode-aware variants the defaults
...
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Merge tag 'x86_cleanups_for_v5.13' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull misc x86 cleanups from Borislav Petkov:
"Trivial cleanups and fixes all over the place"
* tag 'x86_cleanups_for_v5.13' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
MAINTAINERS: Remove me from IDE/ATAPI section
x86/pat: Do not compile stubbed functions when X86_PAT is off
x86/asm: Ensure asm/proto.h can be included stand-alone
x86/platform/intel/quark: Fix incorrect kernel-doc comment syntax in files
x86/msr: Make locally used functions static
x86/cacheinfo: Remove unneeded dead-store initialization
x86/process/64: Move cpu_current_top_of_stack out of TSS
tools/turbostat: Unmark non-kernel-doc comment
x86/syscalls: Fix -Wmissing-prototypes warnings from COND_SYSCALL()
x86/fpu/math-emu: Fix function cast warning
x86/msr: Fix wr/rdmsr_safe_regs_on_cpu() prototypes
x86: Fix various typos in comments, take #2
x86: Remove unusual Unicode characters from comments
x86/kaslr: Return boolean values from a function returning bool
x86: Fix various typos in comments
x86/setup: Remove unused RESERVE_BRK_ARRAY()
stacktrace: Move documentation for arch_stack_walk_reliable() to header
x86: Remove duplicate TSC DEADLINE MSR definitions
To avoid saddling a vCPU thread with the work of tearing down an entire
paging structure, take a reference on each root before they become
obsolete, so that the thread initiating the fast invalidation can tear
down the paging structure and (most likely) release the last reference.
As a bonus, this teardown can happen under the MMU lock in read mode so
as not to block the progress of vCPU threads.
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210401233736.638171-14-bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Provide a real mechanism for fast invalidation by marking roots as
invalid so that their reference count will quickly fall to zero
and they will be torn down.
One negative side affect of this approach is that a vCPU thread will
likely drop the last reference to a root and be saddled with the work of
tearing down an entire paging structure. This issue will be resolved in
a later commit.
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210401233736.638171-13-bgardon@google.com>
[Move the loop to tdp_mmu.c, otherwise compilation fails on 32-bit. - Paolo]
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
To reduce lock contention and interference with page fault handlers,
allow the TDP MMU functions which enable and disable dirty logging
to operate under the MMU read lock.
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210401233736.638171-12-bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
To reduce the impact of disabling dirty logging, change the TDP MMU
function which zaps collapsible SPTEs to run under the MMU read lock.
This way, page faults on zapped SPTEs can proceed in parallel with
kvm_mmu_zap_collapsible_sptes.
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210401233736.638171-11-bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
To reduce lock contention and interference with page fault handlers,
allow the TDP MMU function to zap a GFN range to operate under the MMU
read lock.
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210401233736.638171-10-bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
kvm_tdp_mmu_put_root and kvm_tdp_mmu_free_root are always called
together, so merge the functions to simplify TDP MMU root refcounting /
freeing.
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210401233736.638171-5-bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
The TDP MMU is almost the only user of kvm_mmu_get_root and
kvm_mmu_put_root. There is only one use of put_root in mmu.c for the
legacy / shadow MMU. Open code that one use and move the get / put
functions to the TDP MMU so they can be extended in future commits.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210401233736.638171-3-bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
kvm_tdp_mmu_zap_collapsible_sptes unnecessarily removes the const
qualifier from its memlsot argument, leading to a compiler warning. Add
the const annotation and pass it to subsequent functions.
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210401233736.638171-2-bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Move the hva->gfn lookup for MMU notifiers into common code. Every arch
does a similar lookup, and some arch code is all but identical across
multiple architectures.
In addition to consolidating code, this will allow introducing
optimizations that will benefit all architectures without incurring
multiple walks of the memslots, e.g. by taking mmu_lock if and only if a
relevant range exists in the memslots.
The use of __always_inline to avoid indirect call retpolines, as done by
x86, may also benefit other architectures.
Consolidating the lookups also fixes a wart in x86, where the legacy MMU
and TDP MMU each do their own memslot walks.
Lastly, future enhancements to the memslot implementation, e.g. to add an
interval tree to track host address, will need to touch far less arch
specific code.
MIPS, PPC, and arm64 will be converted one at a time in future patches.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210402005658.3024832-3-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
When using manual protection of dirty pages, it is not necessary
to protect nested page tables down to the 4K level; instead KVM
can protect only hugepages in order to split them lazily, and
delay write protection at 4K-granularity until KVM_CLEAR_DIRTY_LOG.
This was overlooked in the TDP MMU, so do it there as well.
Fixes: a6a0b05da9 ("kvm: x86/mmu: Support dirty logging for the TDP MMU")
Cc: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Keqian Zhu <zhukeqian1@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Remove x86's trace_kvm_age_page() tracepoint. It's mostly redundant with
the common trace_kvm_age_hva() tracepoint, and if there is a need for the
extra details, e.g. gfn, referenced, etc... those details should be added
to the common tracepoint so that all architectures and MMUs benefit from
the info.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210326021957.1424875-19-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Pass the address space ID to TDP MMU's primary "zap gfn range" helper to
allow the MMU notifier paths to iterate over memslots exactly once.
Currently, both the legacy MMU and TDP MMU iterate over memslots when
looking for an overlapping hva range, which can be quite costly if there
are a large number of memslots.
Add a "flush" parameter so that iterating over multiple address spaces
in the caller will continue to do the right thing when yielding while a
flush is pending from a previous address space.
Note, this also has a functional change in the form of coalescing TLB
flushes across multiple address spaces in kvm_zap_gfn_range(), and also
optimizes the TDP MMU to utilize range-based flushing when running as L1
with Hyper-V enlightenments.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210326021957.1424875-6-seanjc@google.com>
[Keep separate for loops to prepare for other incoming patches. - Paolo]
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Gather pending TLB flushes across both address spaces when zapping a
given gfn range. This requires feeding "flush" back into subsequent
calls, but on the plus side sets the stage for further batching
between the legacy MMU and TDP MMU. It also allows refactoring the
address space iteration to cover the legacy and TDP MMUs without
introducing truly ugly code.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210326021957.1424875-5-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Gather pending TLB flushes across both the legacy and TDP MMUs when
zapping collapsible SPTEs to avoid multiple flushes if both the legacy
MMU (for nested guests) and TDP MMU have mappings for the memslot.
Note, this also optimizes the TDP MMU to flush only the relevant range
when running as L1 with Hyper-V enlightenments.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210326021957.1424875-4-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Place the onus on the caller of slot_handle_*() to flush the TLB, rather
than handling the flush in the helper, and rename parameters accordingly.
This will allow future patches to coalesce flushes between address spaces
and between the legacy and TDP MMUs.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210326021957.1424875-3-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
On SVM, reading PDPTRs might access guest memory, which might fault
and thus might sleep. On the other hand, it is not possible to
release the lock after make_mmu_pages_available has been called.
Therefore, push the call to make_mmu_pages_available and the
mmu_lock critical section within mmu_alloc_direct_roots and
mmu_alloc_shadow_roots.
Reported-by: Wanpeng Li <wanpengli@tencent.com>
Co-developed-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Right now, if a call to kvm_tdp_mmu_zap_sp returns false, the caller
will skip the TLB flush, which is wrong. There are two ways to fix
it:
- since kvm_tdp_mmu_zap_sp will not yield and therefore will not flush
the TLB itself, we could change the call to kvm_tdp_mmu_zap_sp to
use "flush |= ..."
- or we can chain the flush argument through kvm_tdp_mmu_zap_sp down
to __kvm_tdp_mmu_zap_gfn_range. Note that kvm_tdp_mmu_zap_sp will
neither yield nor flush, so flush would never go from true to
false.
This patch does the former to simplify application to stable kernels,
and to make it further clearer that kvm_tdp_mmu_zap_sp will not flush.
Cc: seanjc@google.com
Fixes: 048f49809c ("KVM: x86/mmu: Ensure TLBs are flushed for TDP MMU during NX zapping")
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 5.10.x: 048f49809c: KVM: x86/mmu: Ensure TLBs are flushed for TDP MMU during NX zapping
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 5.10.x: 33a3164161: KVM: x86/mmu: Don't allow TDP MMU to yield when recovering NX pages
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Prevent the TDP MMU from yielding when zapping a gfn range during NX
page recovery. If a flush is pending from a previous invocation of the
zapping helper, either in the TDP MMU or the legacy MMU, but the TDP MMU
has not accumulated a flush for the current invocation, then yielding
will release mmu_lock with stale TLB entries.
That being said, this isn't technically a bug fix in the current code, as
the TDP MMU will never yield in this case. tdp_mmu_iter_cond_resched()
will yield if and only if it has made forward progress, as defined by the
current gfn vs. the last yielded (or starting) gfn. Because zapping a
single shadow page is guaranteed to (a) find that page and (b) step
sideways at the level of the shadow page, the TDP iter will break its loop
before getting a chance to yield.
But that is all very, very subtle, and will break at the slightest sneeze,
e.g. zapping while holding mmu_lock for read would break as the TDP MMU
wouldn't be guaranteed to see the present shadow page, and thus could step
sideways at a lower level.
Cc: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210325200119.1359384-4-seanjc@google.com>
[Add lockdep assertion. - Paolo]
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Honor the "flush needed" return from kvm_tdp_mmu_zap_gfn_range(), which
does the flush itself if and only if it yields (which it will never do in
this particular scenario), and otherwise expects the caller to do the
flush. If pages are zapped from the TDP MMU but not the legacy MMU, then
no flush will occur.
Fixes: 29cf0f5007 ("kvm: x86/mmu: NX largepage recovery for TDP MMU")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210325200119.1359384-3-seanjc@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Fix ~144 single-word typos in arch/x86/ code comments.
Doing this in a single commit should reduce the churn.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Set the PAE roots used as decrypted to play nice with SME when KVM is
using shadow paging. Explicitly skip setting the C-bit when loading
CR3 for PAE shadow paging, even though it's completely ignored by the
CPU. The extra documentation is nice to have.
Note, there are several subtleties at play with NPT. In addition to
legacy shadow paging, the PAE roots are used for SVM's NPT when either
KVM is 32-bit (uses PAE paging) or KVM is 64-bit and shadowing 32-bit
NPT. However, 32-bit Linux, and thus KVM, doesn't support SME. And
64-bit KVM can happily set the C-bit in CR3. This also means that
keeping __sme_set(root) for 32-bit KVM when NPT is enabled is
conceptually wrong, but functionally ok since SME is 64-bit only.
Leave it as is to avoid unnecessary pollution.
Fixes: d0ec49d4de ("kvm/x86/svm: Support Secure Memory Encryption within KVM")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Brijesh Singh <brijesh.singh@amd.com>
Cc: Tom Lendacky <thomas.lendacky@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210309224207.1218275-5-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Use '0' to denote an invalid pae_root instead of '0' or INVALID_PAGE.
Unlike root_hpa, the pae_roots hold permission bits and thus are
guaranteed to be non-zero. Having to deal with both values leads to
bugs, e.g. failing to set back to INVALID_PAGE, warning on the wrong
value, etc...
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210309224207.1218275-4-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Debugging unexpected reserved bit page faults sucks. Dump the reserved
bits that (likely) caused the page fault to make debugging suck a little
less.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210225204749.1512652-25-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Make the location of the HOST_WRITABLE and MMU_WRITABLE configurable for
a given KVM instance. This will allow EPT to use high available bits,
which in turn will free up bit 11 for a constant MMU_PRESENT bit.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210225204749.1512652-19-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Squish all the code for (re)setting the various SPTE masks into one
location. With the split code, it's not at all clear that the masks are
set once during module initialization. This will allow a future patch to
clean up initialization of the masks without shuffling code all over
tarnation.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210225204749.1512652-17-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Move kvm_mmu_set_mask_ptes() into mmu.c as prep for future cleanup of the
mask initialization code.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210225204749.1512652-16-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Stop tagging MMIO SPTEs with specific available bits and instead detect
MMIO SPTEs by checking for their unique SPTE value. The value is
guaranteed to be unique on shadow paging and NPT as setting reserved
physical address bits on any other type of SPTE would consistute a KVM
bug. Ditto for EPT, as creating a WX non-MMIO would also be a bug.
Note, this approach is also future-compatibile with TDX, which will need
to reflect MMIO EPT violations as #VEs into the guest. To create an EPT
violation instead of a misconfig, TDX EPTs will need to have RWX=0, But,
MMIO SPTEs will also be the only case where KVM clears SUPPRESS_VE, so
MMIO SPTEs will still be guaranteed to have a unique value within a given
MMU context.
The main motivation is to make it easier to reason about which types of
SPTEs use which available bits. As a happy side effect, this frees up
two more bits for storing the MMIO generation.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210225204749.1512652-11-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
The value returned by make_mmio_spte() is a SPTE, it is not a mask.
Name it accordingly.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210225204749.1512652-10-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Now that it should be impossible to convert a valid SPTE to an MMIO SPTE,
handle MMIO SPTEs early in mmu_set_spte() without going through
set_spte() and all the logic for removing an existing, valid SPTE.
The other caller of set_spte(), FNAME(sync_page)(), explicitly handles
MMIO SPTEs prior to calling set_spte().
This simplifies mmu_set_spte() and set_spte(), and also "fixes" an oddity
where MMIO SPTEs are traced by both trace_kvm_mmu_set_spte() and
trace_mark_mmio_spte().
Note, mmu_spte_set() will WARN if this new approach causes KVM to create
an MMIO SPTE overtop a valid SPTE.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210225204749.1512652-8-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
If MMIO caching is disabled, e.g. when using shadow paging on CPUs with
52 bits of PA space, go straight to MMIO emulation and don't install an
MMIO SPTE. The SPTE will just generate a !PRESENT #PF, i.e. can't
actually accelerate future MMIO.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210225204749.1512652-7-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Retry page faults (re-enter the guest) that hit an invalid memslot
instead of treating the memslot as not existing, i.e. handling the
page fault as an MMIO access. When deleting a memslot, SPTEs aren't
zapped and the TLBs aren't flushed until after the memslot has been
marked invalid.
Handling the invalid slot as MMIO means there's a small window where a
page fault could replace a valid SPTE with an MMIO SPTE. The legacy
MMU handles such a scenario cleanly, but the TDP MMU assumes such
behavior is impossible (see the BUG() in __handle_changed_spte()).
There's really no good reason why the legacy MMU should allow such a
scenario, and closing this hole allows for additional cleanups.
Fixes: 2f2fad0897 ("kvm: x86/mmu: Add functions to handle changed TDP SPTEs")
Cc: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210225204749.1512652-6-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Bail from fast_page_fault() if the SPTE is not a shadow-present SPTE.
Functionally, this is not strictly necessary as the !is_access_allowed()
check will eventually reject the fast path, but an early check on
shadow-present skips unnecessary checks and will allow a future patch to
tweak the A/D status auditing to warn if KVM attempts to query A/D bits
without first ensuring the SPTE is a shadow-present SPTE.
Note, is_shadow_present_pte() is quite expensive at this time, i.e. this
might be a net negative in the short term. A future patch will optimize
is_shadow_present_pte() to a single AND operation and remedy the issue.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210225204749.1512652-4-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Add typedefs for the MMU handlers that are invoked when walking the MMU
SPTEs (rmaps in legacy MMU) to act on a host virtual address range.
No functional change intended.
Cc: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210226010329.1766033-5-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Override the shadow root level in the MMU context when configuring
NPT for shadowing nested NPT. The level is always tied to the TDP level
of the host, not whatever level the guest happens to be using.
Fixes: 096586fda5 ("KVM: nSVM: Correctly set the shadow NPT root level in its MMU role")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210305011101.3597423-2-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
WARN if KVM is about to dereference a NULL pae_root or lm_root when
loading an MMU, and convert the BUG() on a bad shadow_root_level into a
WARN (now that errors are handled cleanly). With nested NPT, botching
the level and sending KVM down the wrong path is all too easy, and the
on-demand allocation of pae_root and lm_root means bugs crash the host.
Obviously, KVM could unconditionally allocate the roots, but that's
arguably a worse failure mode as it would potentially corrupt the guest
instead of crashing it.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210305011101.3597423-18-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
For clarity, explicitly skip syncing roots if the MMU load failed
instead of relying on the !VALID_PAGE check in kvm_mmu_sync_roots().
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210305011101.3597423-17-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Unexport the MMU load and unload helpers now that they are no longer
used (incorrectly) in vendor code.
Opportunistically move the kvm_mmu_sync_roots() declaration into mmu.h,
it should not be exposed to vendor code.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210305011101.3597423-16-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Set the C-bit in SPTEs that are set outside of the normal MMU flows,
specifically the PDPDTRs and the handful of special cased "LM root"
entries, all of which are shadow paging only.
Note, the direct-mapped-root PDPTR handling is needed for the scenario
where paging is disabled in the guest, in which case KVM uses a direct
mapped MMU even though TDP is disabled.
Fixes: d0ec49d4de ("kvm/x86/svm: Support Secure Memory Encryption within KVM")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Brijesh Singh <brijesh.singh@amd.com>
Cc: Tom Lendacky <thomas.lendacky@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210305011101.3597423-11-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Exempt NULL PAE roots from the check to detect leaks, since
kvm_mmu_free_roots() doesn't set them back to INVALID_PAGE. Stop hiding
the WARNs to detect PAE root leaks behind MMU_WARN_ON, the hidden WARNs
obviously didn't do their job given the hilarious number of bugs that
could lead to PAE roots being leaked, not to mention the above false
positive.
Opportunistically delete a warning on root_hpa being valid, there's
nothing special about 4/5-level shadow pages that warrants a WARN.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210305011101.3597423-9-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Check the validity of the PDPTRs before allocating any of the PAE roots,
otherwise a bad PDPTR will cause KVM to leak any previously allocated
roots.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210305011101.3597423-8-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Hold the mmu_lock for write for the entire duration of allocating and
initializing an MMU's roots. This ensures there are MMU pages available
and thus prevents root allocations from failing. That in turn fixes a
bug where KVM would fail to free valid PAE roots if a one of the later
roots failed to allocate.
Add a comment to make_mmu_pages_available() to call out that the limit
is a soft limit, e.g. KVM will temporarily exceed the threshold if a
page fault allocates multiple shadow pages and there was only one page
"available".
Note, KVM _still_ leaks the PAE roots if the guest PDPTR checks fail.
This will be addressed in a future commit.
Cc: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210305011101.3597423-7-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Move the on-demand allocation of the pae_root and lm_root pages, used by
nested NPT for 32-bit L1s, into a separate helper. This will allow a
future patch to hold mmu_lock while allocating the non-special roots so
that make_mmu_pages_available() can be checked once at the start of root
allocation, and thus avoid having to deal with failure in the middle of
root allocation.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210305011101.3597423-6-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Allocate lm_root before the PAE roots so that the PAE roots aren't
leaked if the memory allocation for the lm_root happens to fail.
Note, KVM can still leak PAE roots if mmu_check_root() fails on a guest's
PDPTR, or if mmu_alloc_root() fails due to MMU pages not being available.
Those issues will be fixed in future commits.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210305011101.3597423-5-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Grab 'mmu' and do s/vcpu->arch.mmu/mmu to shorten line lengths and yield
smaller diffs when moving code around in future cleanup without forcing
the new code to use the same ugly pattern.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210305011101.3597423-4-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Allocate the so called pae_root page on-demand, along with the lm_root
page, when shadowing 32-bit NPT with 64-bit NPT, i.e. when running a
32-bit L1. KVM currently only allocates the page when NPT is disabled,
or when L0 is 32-bit (using PAE paging).
Note, there is an existing memory leak involving the MMU roots, as KVM
fails to free the PAE roots on failure. This will be addressed in a
future commit.
Fixes: ee6268ba3a ("KVM: x86: Skip pae_root shadow allocation if tdp enabled")
Fixes: b6b80c78af ("KVM: x86/mmu: Allocate PAE root array when using SVM's 32-bit NPT")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Reviewed-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210305011101.3597423-3-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Track the range being invalidated by mmu_notifier and skip page fault
retries if the fault address is not affected by the in-progress
invalidation. Handle concurrent invalidations by finding the minimal
range which includes all ranges being invalidated. Although the combined
range may include unrelated addresses and cannot be shrunk as individual
invalidation operations complete, it is unlikely the marginal gains of
proper range tracking are worth the additional complexity.
The primary benefit of this change is the reduction in the likelihood of
extreme latency when handing a page fault due to another thread having
been preempted while modifying host virtual addresses.
Signed-off-by: David Stevens <stevensd@chromium.org>
Message-Id: <20210222024522.1751719-3-stevensd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Don't retry a page fault due to an mmu_notifier invalidation when
handling a page fault for a GPA that did not resolve to a memslot, i.e.
an MMIO page fault. Invalidations from the mmu_notifier signal a change
in a host virtual address (HVA) mapping; without a memslot, there is no
HVA and thus no possibility that the invalidation is relevant to the
page fault being handled.
Note, the MMIO vs. memslot generation checks handle the case where a
pending memslot will create a memslot overlapping the faulting GPA. The
mmu_notifier checks are orthogonal to memslot updates.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210222024522.1751719-2-stevensd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Remove several exports from the MMU that are no longer necessary.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210213005015.1651772-15-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Drop kvm_mmu_slot_largepage_remove_write_access() and refactor its sole
caller to use kvm_mmu_slot_remove_write_access(). Remove the now-unused
slot_handle_large_level() and slot_handle_all_level() helpers.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210213005015.1651772-14-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Stop setting dirty bits for MMU pages when dirty logging is disabled for
a memslot, as PML is now completely disabled when there are no memslots
with dirty logging enabled.
This means that spurious PML entries will be created for memslots with
dirty logging disabled if at least one other memslot has dirty logging
enabled. However, spurious PML entries are already possible since
dirty bits are set only when a dirty logging is turned off, i.e. memslots
that are never dirty logged will have dirty bits cleared.
In the end, it's faster overall to eat a few spurious PML entries in the
window where dirty logging is being disabled across all memslots.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210213005015.1651772-13-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Drop the facade of KVM's PML logic being vendor specific and move the
bits that aren't truly VMX specific into common x86 code. The MMU logic
for dealing with PML is tightly coupled to the feature and to VMX's
implementation, bouncing through kvm_x86_ops obfuscates the code without
providing any meaningful separation of concerns or encapsulation.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210213005015.1651772-10-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Store the vendor-specific dirty log size in a variable, there's no need
to wrap it in a function since the value is constant after
hardware_setup() runs.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210213005015.1651772-9-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
When zapping SPTEs in order to rebuild them as huge pages, use the new
helper that computes the max mapping level to detect whether or not a
SPTE should be zapped. Doing so avoids zapping SPTEs that can't
possibly be rebuilt as huge pages, e.g. due to hardware constraints,
memslot alignment, etc...
This also avoids zapping SPTEs that are still large, e.g. if migration
was canceled before write-protected huge pages were shattered to enable
dirty logging. Note, such pages are still write-protected at this time,
i.e. a page fault VM-Exit will still occur. This will hopefully be
addressed in a future patch.
Sadly, TDP MMU loses its const on the memslot, but that's a pervasive
problem that's been around for quite some time.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210213005015.1651772-6-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Pass the memslot to the rmap callbacks, it will be used when zapping
collapsible SPTEs to verify the memslot is compatible with hugepages
before zapping its SPTEs.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210213005015.1651772-5-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Factor out the logic for determining the maximum mapping level given a
memslot and a gpa. The helper will be used when zapping collapsible
SPTEs when disabling dirty logging, e.g. to avoid zapping SPTEs that
can't possibly be rebuilt as hugepages.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210213005015.1651772-4-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
When retpolines are enabled they have high overhead in the inner loop
inside kvm_handle_hva_range() that iterates over the provided memory area.
Let's mark this function and its TDP MMU equivalent __always_inline so
compiler will be able to change the call to the actual handler function
inside each of them into a direct one.
This significantly improves performance on the unmap test on the existing
kernel memslot code (tested on a Xeon 8167M machine):
30 slots in use:
Test Before After Improvement
Unmap 0.0353s 0.0334s 5%
Unmap 2M 0.00104s 0.000407s 61%
509 slots in use:
Test Before After Improvement
Unmap 0.0742s 0.0740s None
Unmap 2M 0.00221s 0.00159s 28%
Looks like having an indirect call in these functions (and, so, a
retpoline) might have interfered with unrolling of the whole loop in the
CPU.
Signed-off-by: Maciej S. Szmigiero <maciej.szmigiero@oracle.com>
Message-Id: <732d3fe9eb68aa08402a638ab0309199fa89ae56.1612810129.git.maciej.szmigiero@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
The TDP MMU assumes that it can do atomic accesses to 64-bit PTEs.
Rather than just disabling it, compile it out completely so that it
is possible to use for example 64-bit xchg.
To limit the number of stubs, wrap all accesses to tdp_mmu_enabled
or tdp_mmu_page with a function. Calls to all other functions in
tdp_mmu.c are eliminated and do not even reach the linker.
Reviewed-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Tested-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Add a helper to generate the mask of reserved PA bits in the host.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210204000117.3303214-10-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Use reserved_gpa_bits, which accounts for exceptions to the maxphyaddr
rule, e.g. SEV's C-bit, for the page {table,directory,etc...} entry (PxE)
reserved bits checks. For SEV, the C-bit is ignored by hardware when
walking pages tables, e.g. the APM states:
Note that while the guest may choose to set the C-bit explicitly on
instruction pages and page table addresses, the value of this bit is a
don't-care in such situations as hardware always performs these as
private accesses.
Such behavior is expected to hold true for other features that repurpose
GPA bits, e.g. KVM could theoretically emulate SME or MKTME, which both
allow non-zero repurposed bits in the page tables. Conceptually, KVM
should apply reserved GPA checks universally, and any features that do
not adhere to the basic rule should be explicitly handled, i.e. if a GPA
bit is repurposed but not allowed in page tables for whatever reason.
Refactor __reset_rsvds_bits_mask() to take the pre-generated reserved
bits mask, and opportunistically clean up its code, e.g. to align lines
and comments.
Practically speaking, this is change is a likely a glorified nop given
the current KVM code base. SEV's C-bit is the only repurposed GPA bit,
and KVM doesn't support shadowing encrypted page tables (which is
theoretically possible via SEV debug APIs).
Cc: Rick Edgecombe <rick.p.edgecombe@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210204000117.3303214-9-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Make the last few changes necessary to enable the TDP MMU to handle page
faults in parallel while holding the mmu_lock in read mode.
Reviewed-by: Peter Feiner <pfeiner@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210202185734.1680553-24-bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Add a read / write lock to be used in place of the MMU spinlock on x86.
The rwlock will enable the TDP MMU to handle page faults, and other
operations in parallel in future commits.
Reviewed-by: Peter Feiner <pfeiner@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210202185734.1680553-19-bgardon@google.com>
[Introduce virt/kvm/mmu_lock.h - Paolo]
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Given the common pattern:
rmap_printk("%s:"..., __func__,...)
we could improve this by adding '__func__' in rmap_printk().
Signed-off-by: Stephen Zhang <stephenzhangzsd@gmail.com>
Message-Id: <1611713325-3591-1-git-send-email-stephenzhangzsd@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Convert kvm_x86_ops to use static calls. Note that all kvm_x86_ops are
covered here except for 'pmu_ops and 'nested ops'.
Here are some numbers running cpuid in a loop of 1 million calls averaged
over 5 runs, measured in the vm (lower is better).
Intel Xeon 3000MHz:
|default |mitigations=off
-------------------------------------
vanilla |.671s |.486s
static call|.573s(-15%)|.458s(-6%)
AMD EPYC 2500MHz:
|default |mitigations=off
-------------------------------------
vanilla |.710s |.609s
static call|.664s(-6%) |.609s(0%)
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Jason Baron <jbaron@akamai.com>
Message-Id: <e057bf1b8a7ad15652df6eeba3f907ae758d3399.1610680941.git.jbaron@akamai.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Remove the update_pte() shadow paging logic, which was obsoleted by
commit 4731d4c7a0 ("KVM: MMU: out of sync shadow core"), but never
removed. As pointed out by Yu, KVM never write protects leaf page
tables for the purposes of shadow paging, and instead marks their
associated shadow page as unsync so that the guest can write PTEs at
will.
The update_pte() path, which predates the unsync logic, optimizes COW
scenarios by refreshing leaf SPTEs when they are written, as opposed to
zapping the SPTE, restarting the guest, and installing the new SPTE on
the subsequent fault. Since KVM no longer write-protects leaf page
tables, update_pte() is unreachable and can be dropped.
Reported-by: Yu Zhang <yu.c.zhang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210115004051.4099250-1-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Walk the list of MMU pages in reverse in kvm_mmu_zap_oldest_mmu_pages().
The list is FIFO, meaning new pages are inserted at the head and thus
the oldest pages are at the tail. Using a "forward" iterator causes KVM
to zap MMU pages that were just added, which obliterates guest
performance once the max number of shadow MMU pages is reached.
Fixes: 6b82ef2c9c ("KVM: x86/mmu: Batch zap MMU pages when recycling oldest pages")
Reported-by: Zdenek Kaspar <zkaspar82@gmail.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20210113205030.3481307-1-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Check only the terminal leaf for a "!PRESENT || MMIO" SPTE when looking
for reserved bits on valid, non-MMIO SPTEs. The get_walk() helpers
terminate their walks if a not-present or MMIO SPTE is encountered, i.e.
the non-terminal SPTEs have already been verified to be regular SPTEs.
This eliminates an extra check-and-branch in a relatively hot loop.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20201218003139.2167891-5-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Bump the size of the sptes array by one and use the raw level of the
SPTE to index into the sptes array. Using the SPTE level directly
improves readability by eliminating the need to reason out why the level
is being adjusted when indexing the array. The array is on the stack
and is not explicitly initialized; bumping its size is nothing more than
a superficial adjustment to the stack frame.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20201218003139.2167891-4-seanjc@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Get the so called "root" level from the low level shadow page table
walkers instead of manually attempting to calculate it higher up the
stack, e.g. in get_mmio_spte(). When KVM is using PAE shadow paging,
the starting level of the walk, from the callers perspective, is not
the CR3 root but rather the PDPTR "root". Checking for reserved bits
from the CR3 root causes get_mmio_spte() to consume uninitialized stack
data due to indexing into sptes[] for a level that was not filled by
get_walk(). This can result in false positives and/or negatives
depending on what garbage happens to be on the stack.
Opportunistically nuke a few extra newlines.
Fixes: 95fb5b0258 ("kvm: x86/mmu: Support MMIO in the TDP MMU")
Reported-by: Richard Herbert <rherbert@sympatico.ca>
Cc: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20201218003139.2167891-3-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Return -1 from the get_walk() helpers if the shadow walk doesn't fill at
least one spte, which can theoretically happen if the walk hits a
not-present PDPTR. Returning the root level in such a case will cause
get_mmio_spte() to return garbage (uninitialized stack data). In
practice, such a scenario should be impossible as KVM shouldn't get a
reserved-bit page fault with a not-present PDPTR.
Note, using mmu->root_level in get_walk() is wrong for other reasons,
too, but that's now a moot point.
Fixes: 95fb5b0258 ("kvm: x86/mmu: Support MMIO in the TDP MMU")
Cc: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-Id: <20201218003139.2167891-2-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Commit 95fb5b0258 ("kvm: x86/mmu: Support MMIO in the TDP MMU") caused
the following WARNING on an Intel Ice Lake CPU:
get_mmio_spte: detect reserved bits on spte, addr 0xb80a0, dump hierarchy:
------ spte 0xb80a0 level 5.
------ spte 0xfcd210107 level 4.
------ spte 0x1004c40107 level 3.
------ spte 0x1004c41107 level 2.
------ spte 0x1db00000000b83b6 level 1.
WARNING: CPU: 109 PID: 10254 at arch/x86/kvm/mmu/mmu.c:3569 kvm_mmu_page_fault.cold.150+0x54/0x22f [kvm]
...
Call Trace:
? kvm_io_bus_get_first_dev+0x55/0x110 [kvm]
vcpu_enter_guest+0xaa1/0x16a0 [kvm]
? vmx_get_cs_db_l_bits+0x17/0x30 [kvm_intel]
? skip_emulated_instruction+0xaa/0x150 [kvm_intel]
kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl_run+0xca/0x520 [kvm]
The guest triggering this crashes. Note, this happens with the traditional
MMU and EPT enabled, not with the newly introduced TDP MMU. Turns out,
there was a subtle change in the above mentioned commit. Previously,
walk_shadow_page_get_mmio_spte() was setting 'root' to 'iterator.level'
which is returned by shadow_walk_init() and this equals to
'vcpu->arch.mmu->shadow_root_level'. Now, get_mmio_spte() sets it to
'int root = vcpu->arch.mmu->root_level'.
The difference between 'root_level' and 'shadow_root_level' on CPUs
supporting 5-level page tables is that in some case we don't want to
use 5-level, in particular when 'cpuid_maxphyaddr(vcpu) <= 48'
kvm_mmu_get_tdp_level() returns '4'. In case upper layer is not used,
the corresponding SPTE will fail '__is_rsvd_bits_set()' check.
Revert to using 'shadow_root_level'.
Fixes: 95fb5b0258 ("kvm: x86/mmu: Support MMIO in the TDP MMU")
Signed-off-by: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20201126110206.2118959-1-vkuznets@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Because kvm dirty rings and kvm dirty log is used in an exclusive way,
Let's avoid creating the dirty_bitmap when kvm dirty ring is enabled.
At the meantime, since the dirty_bitmap will be conditionally created
now, we can't use it as a sign of "whether this memory slot enabled
dirty tracking". Change users like that to check against the kvm
memory slot flags.
Note that there still can be chances where the kvm memory slot got its
dirty_bitmap allocated, _if_ the memory slots are created before
enabling of the dirty rings and at the same time with the dirty
tracking capability enabled, they'll still with the dirty_bitmap.
However it should not hurt much (e.g., the bitmaps will always be
freed if they are there), and the real users normally won't trigger
this because dirty bit tracking flag should in most cases only be
applied to kvm slots only before migration starts, that should be far
latter than kvm initializes (VM starts).
Signed-off-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20201001012226.5868-1-peterx@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
This patch is heavily based on previous work from Lei Cao
<lei.cao@stratus.com> and Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>. [1]
KVM currently uses large bitmaps to track dirty memory. These bitmaps
are copied to userspace when userspace queries KVM for its dirty page
information. The use of bitmaps is mostly sufficient for live
migration, as large parts of memory are be dirtied from one log-dirty
pass to another. However, in a checkpointing system, the number of
dirty pages is small and in fact it is often bounded---the VM is
paused when it has dirtied a pre-defined number of pages. Traversing a
large, sparsely populated bitmap to find set bits is time-consuming,
as is copying the bitmap to user-space.
A similar issue will be there for live migration when the guest memory
is huge while the page dirty procedure is trivial. In that case for
each dirty sync we need to pull the whole dirty bitmap to userspace
and analyse every bit even if it's mostly zeros.
The preferred data structure for above scenarios is a dense list of
guest frame numbers (GFN). This patch series stores the dirty list in
kernel memory that can be memory mapped into userspace to allow speedy
harvesting.
This patch enables dirty ring for X86 only. However it should be
easily extended to other archs as well.
[1] https://patchwork.kernel.org/patch/10471409/
Signed-off-by: Lei Cao <lei.cao@stratus.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Xu <peterx@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20201001012222.5767-1-peterx@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Fix an off-by-one style bug in pte_list_add() where it failed to
account the last full set of SPTEs, i.e. when desc->sptes is full
and desc->more is NULL.
Merge the two "PTE_LIST_EXT-1" checks as part of the fix to avoid
an extra comparison.
Signed-off-by: Li RongQing <lirongqing@baidu.com>
Reviewed-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <1601196297-24104-1-git-send-email-lirongqing@baidu.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Even though the compiler is able to replace static const variables with
their value, it will warn about them being unused when Linux is built with W=1.
Use good old macros instead, this is not C++.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
When KVM maps a largepage backed region at a lower level in order to
make it executable (i.e. NX large page shattering), it reduces the TLB
performance of that region. In order to avoid making this degradation
permanent, KVM must periodically reclaim shattered NX largepages by
zapping them and allowing them to be rebuilt in the page fault handler.
With this patch, the TDP MMU does not respect KVM's rate limiting on
reclaim. It traverses the entire TDP structure every time. This will be
addressed in a future patch.
Tested by running kvm-unit-tests and KVM selftests on an Intel Haswell
machine. This series introduced no new failures.
This series can be viewed in Gerrit at:
https://linux-review.googlesource.com/c/virt/kvm/kvm/+/2538
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Message-Id: <20201014182700.2888246-21-bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Direct roots don't have a write flooding count because the guest can't
affect that paging structure. Thus there's no need to clear the write
flooding count on a fast CR3 switch for direct roots.
Tested by running kvm-unit-tests and KVM selftests on an Intel Haswell
machine. This series introduced no new failures.
This series can be viewed in Gerrit at:
https://linux-review.googlesource.com/c/virt/kvm/kvm/+/2538
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Message-Id: <20201014182700.2888246-20-bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
In order to support MMIO, KVM must be able to walk the TDP paging
structures to find mappings for a given GFN. Support this walk for
the TDP MMU.
Tested by running kvm-unit-tests and KVM selftests on an Intel Haswell
machine. This series introduced no new failures.
This series can be viewed in Gerrit at:
https://linux-review.googlesource.com/c/virt/kvm/kvm/+/2538
v2: Thanks to Dan Carpenter and kernel test robot for finding that root
was used uninitialized in get_mmio_spte.
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Reported-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Message-Id: <20201014182700.2888246-19-bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
To support nested virtualization, KVM will sometimes need to write
protect pages which are part of a shadowed paging structure or are not
writable in the shadowed paging structure. Add a function to write
protect GFN mappings for this purpose.
Tested by running kvm-unit-tests and KVM selftests on an Intel Haswell
machine. This series introduced no new failures.
This series can be viewed in Gerrit at:
https://linux-review.googlesource.com/c/virt/kvm/kvm/+/2538
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Message-Id: <20201014182700.2888246-18-bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Dirty logging ultimately breaks down MMU mappings to 4k granularity.
When dirty logging is no longer needed, these granaular mappings
represent a useless performance penalty. When dirty logging is disabled,
search the paging structure for mappings that could be re-constituted
into a large page mapping. Zap those mappings so that they can be
faulted in again at a higher mapping level.
Tested by running kvm-unit-tests and KVM selftests on an Intel Haswell
machine. This series introduced no new failures.
This series can be viewed in Gerrit at:
https://linux-review.googlesource.com/c/virt/kvm/kvm/+/2538
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Message-Id: <20201014182700.2888246-17-bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Dirty logging is a key feature of the KVM MMU and must be supported by
the TDP MMU. Add support for both the write protection and PML dirty
logging modes.
Tested by running kvm-unit-tests and KVM selftests on an Intel Haswell
machine. This series introduced no new failures.
This series can be viewed in Gerrit at:
https://linux-review.googlesource.com/c/virt/kvm/kvm/+/2538
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Message-Id: <20201014182700.2888246-16-bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
In order to interoperate correctly with the rest of KVM and other Linux
subsystems, the TDP MMU must correctly handle various MMU notifiers. Add
a hook and handle the change_pte MMU notifier.
Tested by running kvm-unit-tests and KVM selftests on an Intel Haswell
machine. This series introduced no new failures.
This series can be viewed in Gerrit at:
https://linux-review.googlesource.com/c/virt/kvm/kvm/+/2538
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Message-Id: <20201014182700.2888246-15-bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
In order to interoperate correctly with the rest of KVM and other Linux
subsystems, the TDP MMU must correctly handle various MMU notifiers. The
main Linux MM uses the access tracking MMU notifiers for swap and other
features. Add hooks to handle the test/flush HVA (range) family of
MMU notifiers.
Tested by running kvm-unit-tests and KVM selftests on an Intel Haswell
machine. This series introduced no new failures.
This series can be viewed in Gerrit at:
https://linux-review.googlesource.com/c/virt/kvm/kvm/+/2538
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Message-Id: <20201014182700.2888246-14-bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
In order to interoperate correctly with the rest of KVM and other Linux
subsystems, the TDP MMU must correctly handle various MMU notifiers. Add
hooks to handle the invalidate range family of MMU notifiers.
Tested by running kvm-unit-tests and KVM selftests on an Intel Haswell
machine. This series introduced no new failures.
This series can be viewed in Gerrit at:
https://linux-review.googlesource.com/c/virt/kvm/kvm/+/2538
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Message-Id: <20201014182700.2888246-13-bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Add functions to handle page faults in the TDP MMU. These page faults
are currently handled in much the same way as the x86 shadow paging
based MMU, however the ordering of some operations is slightly
different. Future patches will add eager NX splitting, a fast page fault
handler, and parallel page faults.
Tested by running kvm-unit-tests and KVM selftests on an Intel Haswell
machine. This series introduced no new failures.
This series can be viewed in Gerrit at:
https://linux-review.googlesource.com/c/virt/kvm/kvm/+/2538
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Message-Id: <20201014182700.2888246-11-bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
In order to avoid creating executable hugepages in the TDP MMU PF
handler, remove the dependency between disallowed_hugepage_adjust and
the shadow_walk_iterator. This will open the function up to being used
by the TDP MMU PF handler in a future patch.
Tested by running kvm-unit-tests and KVM selftests on an Intel Haswell
machine. This series introduced no new failures.
This series can be viewed in Gerrit at:
https://linux-review.googlesource.com/c/virt/kvm/kvm/+/2538
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Message-Id: <20201014182700.2888246-10-bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Add functions to zap SPTEs to the TDP MMU. These are needed to tear down
TDP MMU roots properly and implement other MMU functions which require
tearing down mappings. Future patches will add functions to populate the
page tables, but as for this patch there will not be any work for these
functions to do.
Tested by running kvm-unit-tests and KVM selftests on an Intel Haswell
machine. This series introduced no new failures.
This series can be viewed in Gerrit at:
https://linux-review.googlesource.com/c/virt/kvm/kvm/+/2538
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Message-Id: <20201014182700.2888246-8-bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
The existing bookkeeping done by KVM when a PTE is changed is spread
around several functions. This makes it difficult to remember all the
stats, bitmaps, and other subsystems that need to be updated whenever a
PTE is modified. When a non-leaf PTE is marked non-present or becomes a
leaf PTE, page table memory must also be freed. To simplify the MMU and
facilitate the use of atomic operations on SPTEs in future patches, create
functions to handle some of the bookkeeping required as a result of
a change.
Tested by running kvm-unit-tests and KVM selftests on an Intel Haswell
machine. This series introduced no new failures.
This series can be viewed in Gerrit at:
https://linux-review.googlesource.com/c/virt/kvm/kvm/+/2538
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
The TDP MMU must be able to allocate paging structure root pages and track
the usage of those pages. Implement a similar, but separate system for root
page allocation to that of the x86 shadow paging implementation. When
future patches add synchronization model changes to allow for parallel
page faults, these pages will need to be handled differently from the
x86 shadow paging based MMU's root pages.
Tested by running kvm-unit-tests and KVM selftests on an Intel Haswell
machine. This series introduced no new failures.
This series can be viewed in Gerrit at:
https://linux-review.googlesource.com/c/virt/kvm/kvm/+/2538
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
The TDP MMU offers an alternative mode of operation to the x86 shadow
paging based MMU, optimized for running an L1 guest with TDP. The TDP MMU
will require new fields that need to be initialized and torn down. Add
hooks into the existing KVM MMU initialization process to do that
initialization / cleanup. Currently the initialization and cleanup
fucntions do not do very much, however more operations will be added in
future patches.
Tested by running kvm-unit-tests and KVM selftests on an Intel Haswell
machine. This series introduced no new failures.
This series can be viewed in Gerrit at:
https://linux-review.googlesource.com/c/virt/kvm/kvm/+/2538
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Message-Id: <20201014182700.2888246-4-bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
The SPTE format will be common to both the shadow and the TDP MMU.
Extract code that implements the format to a separate module, as a
first step towards adding the TDP MMU and putting mmu.c on a diet.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
The TDP MMU's own function for the changed-PTE notifier will need to be
update a PTE in the exact same way as the shadow MMU. Rather than
re-implementing this logic, factor the SPTE creation out of kvm_set_pte_rmapp.
Extracted out of a patch by Ben Gardon. <bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Separate the functions for generating leaf page table entries from the
function that inserts them into the paging structure. This refactoring
will facilitate changes to the MMU sychronization model to use atomic
compare / exchanges (which are not guaranteed to succeed) instead of a
monolithic MMU lock.
No functional change expected.
Tested by running kvm-unit-tests and KVM selftests on an Intel Haswell
machine. This commit introduced no new failures.
This series can be viewed in Gerrit at:
https://linux-review.googlesource.com/c/virt/kvm/kvm/+/2538
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Shier <pshier@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
The TDP MMU page fault handler will need to be able to create non-leaf
SPTEs to build up the paging structures. Rather than re-implementing the
function, factor the SPTE creation out of link_shadow_page.
Tested by running kvm-unit-tests and KVM selftests on an Intel Haswell
machine. This series introduced no new failures.
This series can be viewed in Gerrit at:
https://linux-review.googlesource.com/c/virt/kvm/kvm/+/2538
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Message-Id: <20200925212302.3979661-9-bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
These should be const, so make it so.
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Message-Id: <ed95eef4f10fc1317b66936c05bc7dd8f943a6d5.1601770305.git.joe@perches.com>
Reviewed-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Move initialization of 'struct kvm_mmu' fields into alloc_mmu_pages() to
consolidate code, and rename the helper to __kvm_mmu_create().
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200923163314.8181-1-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Use bools to track write and user faults throughout the page fault paths
and down into mmu_set_spte(). The actual usage is purely boolean, but
that's not obvious without digging into all paths as the current code
uses a mix of bools (TDP and try_async_pf) and ints (shadow paging and
mmu_set_spte()).
No true functional change intended (although the pgprintk() will now
print 0/1 instead of 0/PFERR_WRITE_MASK).
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200923183735.584-9-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Move the "ITLB multi-hit workaround enabled" check into the callers of
disallowed_hugepage_adjust() to make it more obvious that the helper is
specific to the workaround, and to be consistent with the accounting,
i.e. account_huge_nx_page() is called if and only if the workaround is
enabled.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200923183735.584-8-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Condition the accounting of a disallowed huge NX page on the original
requested level of the page being greater than the current iterator
level. This does two things: accounts the page if and only if a huge
page was actually disallowed, and accounts the shadow page if and only
if it was the level at which the huge page was disallowed. For the
latter case, the previous logic would account all shadow pages used to
create the translation for the forced small page, e.g. even PML4, which
can't be a huge page on current hardware, would be accounted as having
been a disallowed huge page when using 5-level EPT.
The overzealous accounting is purely a performance issue, i.e. the
recovery thread will spuriously zap shadow pages, but otherwise the bad
behavior is harmless.
Cc: Junaid Shahid <junaids@google.com>
Fixes: b8e8c8303f ("kvm: mmu: ITLB_MULTIHIT mitigation")
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200923183735.584-6-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Apply the "huge page disallowed" adjustment of the max level only after
capturing the original requested level. The requested level will be
used in a future patch to skip adding pages to the list of disallowed
huge pages if a huge page wasn't possible anyways, e.g. if the page
isn't mapped as a huge page in the host.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200923183735.584-5-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Calculate huge_page_disallowed in __direct_map() and FNAME(fetch) in
preparation for reworking the calculation so that it preserves the
requested map level and eventually to avoid flagging a shadow page as
being disallowed for being used as a large/huge page when it couldn't
have been huge in the first place, e.g. because the backing page in the
host is not large.
Pass the error code into the helpers and use it to recalcuate exec and
write_fault instead adding yet more booleans to the parameters.
Opportunistically use huge_page_disallowed instead of lpage_disallowed
to match the nomenclature used within the mapping helpers (though even
they have existing inconsistencies).
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200923183735.584-4-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Refactor the zap loop in kvm_recover_nx_lpages() to be a for loop that
iterates on to_zap and drop the !to_zap check that leads to the in-loop
calling of kvm_mmu_commit_zap_page(). The in-loop commit when to_zap
hits zero is superfluous now that there's an unconditional commit after
the loop to handle the case where lpage_disallowed_mmu_pages is emptied.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200923183735.584-3-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Call kvm_mmu_commit_zap_page() after exiting the "prepare zap" loop in
kvm_recover_nx_lpages() to finish zapping pages in the unlikely event
that the loop exited due to lpage_disallowed_mmu_pages being empty.
Because the recovery thread drops mmu_lock() when rescheduling, it's
possible that lpage_disallowed_mmu_pages could be emptied by a different
thread without to_zap reaching zero despite to_zap being derived from
the number of disallowed lpages.
Fixes: 1aa9b9572b ("kvm: x86: mmu: Recovery of shattered NX large pages")
Cc: Junaid Shahid <junaids@google.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200923183735.584-2-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Detect spurious page faults, e.g. page faults that occur when multiple
vCPUs simultaneously access a not-present page, and skip the SPTE write,
prefetch, and stats update for spurious faults.
Note, the performance benefits of skipping the write and prefetch are
likely negligible, and the false positive stats adjustment is probably
lost in the noise. The primary motivation is to play nice with TDX's
SEPT in the long term. SEAMCALLs (to program SEPT entries) are quite
costly, e.g. thousands of cycles, and a spurious SEPT update will result
in a SEAMCALL error (which KVM will ideally treat as fatal).
Reported-by: Kai Huang <kai.huang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200923220425.18402-5-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Introduce RET_PF_FIXED and RET_PF_SPURIOUS to provide unique return
values instead of overloading RET_PF_RETRY. In the short term, the
unique values add clarity to the code and RET_PF_SPURIOUS will be used
by set_spte() to avoid unnecessary work for spurious faults.
In the long term, TDX will use RET_PF_FIXED to deterministically map
memory during pre-boot. The page fault flow may bail early for benign
reasons, e.g. if the mmu_notifier fires for an unrelated address. With
only RET_PF_RETRY, it's impossible for the caller to distinguish between
"cool, page is mapped" and "darn, need to try again", and thus cannot
handle benign cases like the mmu_notifier retry.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200923220425.18402-4-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Explicitly check for RET_PF_EMULATE instead of implicitly doing the same
by checking for !RET_PF_RETRY (RET_PF_INVALID is handled earlier). This
will adding new RET_PF_ types in future patches without breaking the
emulation path.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200923220425.18402-3-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Exit to userspace with an error if the MMU is buggy and returns
RET_PF_INVALID when servicing a page fault. This will allow a future
patch to invert the emulation path, i.e. emulate only on RET_PF_EMULATE
instead of emulating on anything but RET_PF_RETRY. This technically
means that KVM will exit to userspace instead of emulating on
RET_PF_INVALID, but practically speaking it's a nop as the MMU never
returns RET_PF_INVALID.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200923220425.18402-2-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Recursively zap all to-be-orphaned children, unsynced or otherwise, when
zapping a shadow page for a nested TDP MMU. KVM currently only zaps the
unsynced child pages, but not the synced ones. This can create problems
over time when running many nested guests because it leaves unlinked
pages which will not be freed until the page quota is hit. With the
default page quota of 20 shadow pages per 1000 guest pages, this looks
like a memory leak and can degrade MMU performance.
In a recent benchmark, substantial performance degradation was observed:
An L1 guest was booted with 64G memory.
2G nested Windows guests were booted, 10 at a time for 20
iterations. (200 total boots)
Windows was used in this benchmark because they touch all of their
memory on startup.
By the end of the benchmark, the nested guests were taking ~10% longer
to boot. With this patch there is no degradation in boot time.
Without this patch the benchmark ends with hundreds of thousands of
stale EPT02 pages cluttering up rmaps and the page hash map. As a
result, VM shutdown is also much slower: deleting memslot 0 was
observed to take over a minute. With this patch it takes just a
few miliseconds.
Cc: Peter Shier <pshier@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Co-developed-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200923221406.16297-3-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Move the logic that controls whether or not FNAME(invlpg) needs to flush
fully into FNAME(invlpg) so that mmu_page_zap_pte() doesn't return a
value. This allows a future patch to redefine the return semantics for
mmu_page_zap_pte() so that it can recursively zap orphaned child shadow
pages for nested TDP MMUs.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200923221406.16297-2-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
To make kvm_mmu_free_roots() a bit more readable, capture 'kvm' in a
local variable instead of doing vcpu->kvm over and over (and over).
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200923191204.8410-1-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Rename kvm_mmu_is_illegal_gpa() to kvm_vcpu_is_illegal_gpa() and move it
to cpuid.h so that's it's colocated with cpuid_maxphyaddr(). The helper
is not MMU specific and will gain a user that is completely unrelated to
the MMU in a future patch.
No functional change intended.
Suggested-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200924194250.19137-5-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Replace the existing kvm_x86_ops.need_emulation_on_page_fault() with a
more generic is_emulatable(), and unconditionally call the new function
in x86_emulate_instruction().
KVM will use the generic hook to support multiple security related
technologies that prevent emulation in one way or another. Similar to
the existing AMD #NPF case where emulation of the current instruction is
not possible due to lack of information, AMD's SEV-ES and Intel's SGX
and TDX will introduce scenarios where emulation is impossible due to
the guest's register state being inaccessible. And again similar to the
existing #NPF case, emulation can be initiated by kvm_mmu_page_fault(),
i.e. outside of the control of vendor-specific code.
While the cause and architecturally visible behavior of the various
cases are different, e.g. SGX will inject a #UD, AMD #NPF is a clean
resume or complete shutdown, and SEV-ES and TDX "return" an error, the
impact on the common emulation code is identical: KVM must stop
emulation immediately and resume the guest.
Query is_emulatable() in handle_ud() as well so that the
force_emulation_prefix code doesn't incorrectly modify RIP before
calling emulate_instruction() in the absurdly unlikely scenario that
KVM encounters forced emulation in conjunction with "do not emulate".
Cc: Tom Lendacky <thomas.lendacky@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200915232702.15945-1-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
When kvm_mmu_get_page() gets a page with unsynced children, the spt
pagetable is unsynchronized with the guest pagetable. But the
guest might not issue a "flush" operation on it when the pagetable
entry is changed from zero or other cases. The hypervisor has the
responsibility to synchronize the pagetables.
KVM behaved as above for many years, But commit 8c8560b833
("KVM: x86/mmu: Use KVM_REQ_TLB_FLUSH_CURRENT for MMU specific flushes")
inadvertently included a line of code to change it without giving any
reason in the changelog. It is clear that the commit's intention was to
change KVM_REQ_TLB_FLUSH -> KVM_REQ_TLB_FLUSH_CURRENT, so we don't
needlessly flush other contexts; however, one of the hunks changed
a nearby KVM_REQ_MMU_SYNC instead. This patch changes it back.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20200320212833.3507-26-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com/
Cc: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@linux.alibaba.com>
Message-Id: <20200902135421.31158-1-jiangshanlai@gmail.com>
fixes: 8c8560b833 ("KVM: x86/mmu: Use KVM_REQ_TLB_FLUSH_CURRENT for MMU specific flushes")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
The 'flags' field of 'struct mmu_notifier_range' is used to indicate
whether invalidate_range_{start,end}() are permitted to block. In the
case of kvm_mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(), this field is not
forwarded on to the architecture-specific implementation of
kvm_unmap_hva_range() and therefore the backend cannot sensibly decide
whether or not to block.
Add an extra 'flags' parameter to kvm_unmap_hva_range() so that
architectures are aware as to whether or not they are permitted to block.
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Cc: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
Cc: Suzuki K Poulose <suzuki.poulose@arm.com>
Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Message-Id: <20200811102725.7121-2-will@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
x86:
* Report last CPU for debugging
* Emulate smaller MAXPHYADDR in the guest than in the host
* .noinstr and tracing fixes from Thomas
* nested SVM page table switching optimization and fixes
Generic:
* Unify shadow MMU cache data structures across architectures
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Merge tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm
Pull KVM updates from Paolo Bonzini:
"s390:
- implement diag318
x86:
- Report last CPU for debugging
- Emulate smaller MAXPHYADDR in the guest than in the host
- .noinstr and tracing fixes from Thomas
- nested SVM page table switching optimization and fixes
Generic:
- Unify shadow MMU cache data structures across architectures"
* tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm: (127 commits)
KVM: SVM: Fix sev_pin_memory() error handling
KVM: LAPIC: Set the TDCR settable bits
KVM: x86: Specify max TDP level via kvm_configure_mmu()
KVM: x86/mmu: Rename max_page_level to max_huge_page_level
KVM: x86: Dynamically calculate TDP level from max level and MAXPHYADDR
KVM: VXM: Remove temporary WARN on expected vs. actual EPTP level mismatch
KVM: x86: Pull the PGD's level from the MMU instead of recalculating it
KVM: VMX: Make vmx_load_mmu_pgd() static
KVM: x86/mmu: Add separate helper for shadow NPT root page role calc
KVM: VMX: Drop a duplicate declaration of construct_eptp()
KVM: nSVM: Correctly set the shadow NPT root level in its MMU role
KVM: Using macros instead of magic values
MIPS: KVM: Fix build error caused by 'kvm_run' cleanup
KVM: nSVM: remove nonsensical EXITINFO1 adjustment on nested NPF
KVM: x86: Add a capability for GUEST_MAXPHYADDR < HOST_MAXPHYADDR support
KVM: VMX: optimize #PF injection when MAXPHYADDR does not match
KVM: VMX: Add guest physical address check in EPT violation and misconfig
KVM: VMX: introduce vmx_need_pf_intercept
KVM: x86: update exception bitmap on CPUID changes
KVM: x86: rename update_bp_intercept to update_exception_bitmap
...
Capture the max TDP level during kvm_configure_mmu() instead of using a
kvm_x86_ops hook to do it at every vCPU creation.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200716034122.5998-10-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Rename max_page_level to explicitly call out that it tracks the max huge
page level so as to avoid confusion when a future patch moves the max
TDP level, i.e. max root level, into the MMU and kvm_configure_mmu().
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200716034122.5998-9-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Calculate the desired TDP level on the fly using the max TDP level and
MAXPHYADDR instead of doing the same when CPUID is updated. This avoids
the hidden dependency on cpuid_maxphyaddr() in vmx_get_tdp_level() and
also standardizes the "use 5-level paging iff MAXPHYADDR > 48" behavior
across x86.
Suggested-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200716034122.5998-8-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Refactor the shadow NPT role calculation into a separate helper to
better differentiate it from the non-nested shadow MMU, e.g. the NPT
variant is never direct and derives its root level from the TDP level.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200716034122.5998-3-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Move the initialization of shadow NPT MMU's shadow_root_level into
kvm_init_shadow_npt_mmu() and explicitly set the level in the shadow NPT
MMU's role to be the TDP level. This ensures the role and MMU levels
are synchronized and also initialized before __kvm_mmu_new_pgd(), which
consumes the level when attempting a fast PGD switch.
Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Fixes: 9fa72119b2 ("kvm: x86: Introduce kvm_mmu_calc_root_page_role()")
Fixes: a506fdd223 ("KVM: nSVM: implement nested_svm_load_cr3() and use it for host->guest switch")
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200716034122.5998-2-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Using uninitialized_var() is dangerous as it papers over real bugs[1]
(or can in the future), and suppresses unrelated compiler warnings
(e.g. "unused variable"). If the compiler thinks it is uninitialized,
either simply initialize the variable or make compiler changes.
In preparation for removing[2] the[3] macro[4], remove all remaining
needless uses with the following script:
git grep '\buninitialized_var\b' | cut -d: -f1 | sort -u | \
xargs perl -pi -e \
's/\buninitialized_var\(([^\)]+)\)/\1/g;
s:\s*/\* (GCC be quiet|to make compiler happy) \*/$::g;'
drivers/video/fbdev/riva/riva_hw.c was manually tweaked to avoid
pathological white-space.
No outstanding warnings were found building allmodconfig with GCC 9.3.0
for x86_64, i386, arm64, arm, powerpc, powerpc64le, s390x, mips, sparc64,
alpha, and m68k.
[1] https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20200603174714.192027-1-glider@google.com/
[2] https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CA+55aFw+Vbj0i=1TGqCR5vQkCzWJ0QxK6CernOU6eedsudAixw@mail.gmail.com/
[3] https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CA+55aFwgbgqhbp1fkxvRKEpzyR5J8n1vKT1VZdz9knmPuXhOeg@mail.gmail.com/
[4] https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CA+55aFz2500WfbKXAx8s67wrm9=yVJu65TpLgN_ybYNv0VEOKA@mail.gmail.com/
Reviewed-by: Leon Romanovsky <leonro@mellanox.com> # drivers/infiniband and mlx4/mlx5
Acked-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@mellanox.com> # IB
Acked-by: Kalle Valo <kvalo@codeaurora.org> # wireless drivers
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com> # erofs
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Intel processors of various generations have supported 36, 39, 46 or 52
bits for physical addresses. Until IceLake introduced MAXPHYADDR==52,
running on a machine with higher MAXPHYADDR than the guest more or less
worked, because software that relied on reserved address bits (like KVM)
generally used bit 51 as a marker and therefore the page faults where
generated anyway.
Unfortunately this is not true anymore if the host MAXPHYADDR is 52,
and this can cause problems when migrating from a MAXPHYADDR<52
machine to one with MAXPHYADDR==52. Typically, the latter are machines
that support 5-level page tables, so they can be identified easily from
the LA57 CPUID bit.
When that happens, the guest might have a physical address with reserved
bits set, but the host won't see that and trap it. Hence, we need
to check page faults' physical addresses against the guest's maximum
physical memory and if it's exceeded, we need to add the PFERR_RSVD_MASK
bits to the page fault error code.
This patch does this for the MMU's page walks. The next patches will
ensure that the correct exception and error code is produced whenever
no host-reserved bits are set in page table entries.
Signed-off-by: Mohammed Gamal <mgamal@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20200710154811.418214-4-mgamal@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Also no point of it being inline since it's always called through
function pointers. So remove that.
Signed-off-by: Mohammed Gamal <mgamal@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20200710154811.418214-3-mgamal@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
The mmu_check_root() check in fast_pgd_switch() seems to be
superfluous: when GPA is outside of the visible range
cached_root_available() will fail for non-direct roots
(as we can't have a matching one on the list) and we don't
seem to care for direct ones.
Also, raising #TF immediately when a non-existent GFN is written to CR3
doesn't seem to mach architectural behavior. Drop the check.
Signed-off-by: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20200710141157.1640173-10-vkuznets@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Undesired triple fault gets injected to L1 guest on SVM when L2 is
launched with certain CR3 values. #TF is raised by mmu_check_root()
check in fast_pgd_switch() and the root cause is that when
kvm_set_cr3() is called from nested_prepare_vmcb_save() with NPT
enabled CR3 points to a nGPA so we can't check it with
kvm_is_visible_gfn().
Using generic kvm_set_cr3() when switching to nested guest is not
a great idea as we'll have to distinguish between 'real' CR3s and
'nested' CR3s to e.g. not call kvm_mmu_new_pgd() with nGPA. Following
nVMX implement nested-specific nested_svm_load_cr3() doing the job.
To support the change, nested_svm_load_cr3() needs to be re-ordered
with nested_svm_init_mmu_context().
Note: the current implementation is sub-optimal as we always do TLB
flush/MMU sync but this is still an improvement as we at least stop doing
kvm_mmu_reset_context().
Fixes: 7c390d350f ("kvm: x86: Add fast CR3 switch code path")
Signed-off-by: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20200710141157.1640173-8-vkuznets@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
kvm_init_shadow_mmu() was actually the only function that could be called
with different vcpu->arch.mmu values. Now that kvm_init_shadow_npt_mmu()
is separated from kvm_init_shadow_mmu(), we always know the MMU context
we need to use and there is no need to dereference vcpu->arch.mmu pointer.
Based on a patch by Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20200710141157.1640173-3-vkuznets@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
As a preparatory change for moving kvm_mmu_new_pgd() from
nested_prepare_vmcb_save() to nested_svm_init_mmu_context() split
kvm_init_shadow_npt_mmu() from kvm_init_shadow_mmu(). This also makes
the code look more like nVMX (kvm_init_shadow_ept_mmu()).
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20200710141157.1640173-2-vkuznets@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Move x86's memory cache helpers to common KVM code so that they can be
reused by arm64 and MIPS in future patches.
Suggested-by: Christoffer Dall <christoffer.dall@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200703023545.8771-16-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Rename the memory helpers that will soon be moved to common code and be
made globaly available via linux/kvm_host.h. "mmu" alone is not a
sufficient namespace for globally available KVM symbols.
Opportunistically add "nr_" in mmu_memory_cache_free_objects() to make
it clear the function returns the number of free objects, as opposed to
freeing existing objects.
Suggested-by: Christoffer Dall <christoffer.dall@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200703023545.8771-14-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Don't bother filling the gfn array cache when the caller is a fully
direct MMU, i.e. won't need a gfn array for shadow pages.
Reviewed-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200703023545.8771-13-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Set __GFP_ZERO for the shadow page memory cache and drop the explicit
clear_page() from kvm_mmu_get_page(). This moves the cost of zeroing a
page to the allocation time of the physical page, i.e. when topping up
the memory caches, and thus avoids having to zero out an entire page
while holding mmu_lock.
Cc: Peter Feiner <pfeiner@google.com>
Cc: Peter Shier <pshier@google.com>
Cc: Junaid Shahid <junaids@google.com>
Cc: Jim Mattson <jmattson@google.com>
Suggested-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200703023545.8771-12-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Add a gfp_zero flag to 'struct kvm_mmu_memory_cache' and use it to
control __GFP_ZERO instead of hardcoding a call to kmem_cache_zalloc().
A future patch needs such a flag for the __get_free_page() path, as
gfn arrays do not need/want the allocator to zero the memory. Convert
the kmem_cache paths to __GFP_ZERO now so as to avoid a weird and
inconsistent API in the future.
No functional change intended.
Reviewed-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200703023545.8771-11-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Use separate caches for allocating shadow pages versus gfn arrays. This
sets the stage for specifying __GFP_ZERO when allocating shadow pages
without incurring extra cost for gfn arrays.
No functional change intended.
Reviewed-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200703023545.8771-10-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Clean up the minimums in mmu_topup_memory_caches() to document the
driving mechanisms behind the minimums. Now that encountering an empty
cache is unlikely to trigger BUG_ON(), it is less dangerous to be more
precise when defining the minimums.
For rmaps, the logic is 1 parent PTE per level, plus a single rmap, and
prefetched rmaps. The extra objects in the current '8 + PREFETCH'
minimum came about due to an abundance of paranoia in commit
c41ef344de ("KVM: MMU: increase per-vcpu rmap cache alloc size"),
i.e. it could have increased the minimum to 2 rmaps. Furthermore, the
unexpected extra rmap case was killed off entirely by commits
f759e2b4c7 ("KVM: MMU: avoid pte_list_desc running out in
kvm_mmu_pte_write") and f5a1e9f895 ("KVM: MMU: remove call to
kvm_mmu_pte_write from walk_addr").
For the so called page cache, replace '8' with 2*PT64_ROOT_MAX_LEVEL.
The 2x multiplier is needed because the cache is used for both shadow
pages and gfn arrays for indirect MMUs.
And finally, for page headers, replace '4' with PT64_ROOT_MAX_LEVEL.
Note, KVM now supports 5-level paging, i.e. the old minimums that used a
baseline derived from 4-level paging were technically wrong. But, KVM
always allocates roots in a separate flow, e.g. it's impossible in the
current implementation to actually need 5 new shadow pages in a single
flow. Use PT64_ROOT_MAX_LEVEL unmodified instead of subtracting 1, as
the direct usage is likely more intuitive to uninformed readers, and the
inflated minimum is unlikely to affect functionality in practice.
Reviewed-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200703023545.8771-9-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Avoid refilling the memory caches and potentially slow reclaim/swap when
handling a fast page fault, which does not need to allocate any new
objects.
Reviewed-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200703023545.8771-7-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Attempt to allocate a new object instead of crashing KVM (and likely the
kernel) if a memory cache is unexpectedly empty. Use GFP_ATOMIC for the
allocation as the caches are used while holding mmu_lock. The immediate
BUG_ON() makes the code unnecessarily explosive and led to confusing
minimums being used in the past, e.g. allocating 4 objects where 1 would
suffice.
Reviewed-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200703023545.8771-6-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Return errors directly from mmu_topup_memory_caches() instead of
branching to a label that does the same.
No functional change intended.
Reviewed-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200703023545.8771-5-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Use "mc" for local variables to shorten line lengths and provide
consistent names, which will be especially helpful when some of the
helpers are moved to common KVM code in future patches.
No functional change intended.
Reviewed-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200703023545.8771-4-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Drop the "page" variants of the topup/free memory cache helpers, using
the existence of an associated kmem_cache to select the correct alloc
or free routine.
No functional change intended.
Reviewed-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200703023545.8771-3-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Track the kmem_cache used for non-page KVM MMU memory caches instead of
passing in the associated kmem_cache when filling the cache. This will
allow consolidating code and other cleanups.
No functional change intended.
Reviewed-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200703023545.8771-2-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
OVMF booted guest running on shadow pages crashes on TRIPLE FAULT after
enabling paging from SMM. The crash is triggered from mmu_check_root() and
is caused by kvm_is_visible_gfn() searching through memslots with as_id = 0
while vCPU may be in a different context (address space).
Introduce kvm_vcpu_is_visible_gfn() and use it from mmu_check_root().
Signed-off-by: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20200708140023.1476020-1-vkuznets@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Rename KVM's accessor for retrieving a 'struct kvm_mmu_page' from the
associated host physical address to better convey what the function is
doing.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200622202034.15093-7-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Introduce sptep_to_sp() to reduce the boilerplate code needed to get the
shadow page associated with a spte pointer, and to improve readability
as it's not immediately obvious that "page_header" is a KVM-specific
accessor for retrieving a shadow page.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200622202034.15093-6-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Add mmu/mmu_internal.h to hold declarations and definitions that need
to be shared between various mmu/ files, but should not be used by
anything outside of the MMU.
Begin populating mmu_internal.h with declarations of the helpers used by
page_track.c.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200622202034.15093-4-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Move kvm_mmu_available_pages() from mmu.h to mmu.c, it has a single
caller and has no business being exposed via mmu.h.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200622202034.15093-3-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Propagate any error returned by make_mmu_pages_available() out to
userspace instead of resuming the guest if the error occurs while
handling a page fault. Now that zapping the oldest MMU pages skips
active roots, i.e. fails if and only if there are no zappable pages,
there is no chance for a false positive, i.e. no chance of returning a
spurious error to userspace.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200623193542.7554-5-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Use the recently introduced kvm_mmu_zap_oldest_mmu_pages() to batch zap
MMU pages when shrinking a slab. This fixes a long standing issue where
KVM's shrinker implementation is completely ineffective due to zapping
only a single page. E.g. without batch zapping, forcing a scan via
drop_caches basically has no impact on a VM with ~2k shadow pages. With
batch zapping, the number of shadow pages can be reduced to a few
hundred pages in one or two runs of drop_caches.
Note, if the default batch size (currently 128) is problematic, e.g.
zapping 128 pages holds mmu_lock for too long, KVM can bound the batch
size by setting @batch in mmu_shrinker.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200623193542.7554-4-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Collect MMU pages for zapping in a loop when making MMU pages available,
and skip over active roots when doing so as zapping an active root can
never immediately free up a page. Batching the zapping avoids multiple
remote TLB flushes and remedies the issue where the loop would bail
early if an active root was encountered.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200623193542.7554-3-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Delete a shadow page from the invalidation list instead of throwing it
back on the list of active pages when it's a root shadow page with
active users. Invalid active root pages will be explicitly freed by
mmu_free_root_page() when the root_count hits zero, i.e. they don't need
to be put on the active list to avoid leakage.
Use sp->role.invalid to detect that a shadow page has already been
zapped, i.e. is not on a list.
WARN if an invalid page is encountered when zapping pages, as it should
now be impossible.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200623193542.7554-2-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Skip the unsync checks and the write flooding clearing for fully direct
MMUs, which are guaranteed to not have unsync'd or indirect pages (write
flooding detection only applies to indirect pages). For TDP, this
avoids unnecessary memory reads and writes, and for the write flooding
count will also avoid dirtying a cache line (unsync_child_bitmap itself
consumes a cache line, i.e. write_flooding_count is guaranteed to be in
a different cache line than parent_ptes).
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200623194027.23135-3-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Reviewed-By: Jon Cargille <jcargill@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Refactor for_each_valid_sp() to take the list of shadow pages instead of
retrieving it from a gfn to avoid doing the gfn->list hash and lookup
multiple times during kvm_get_mmu_page().
Cc: Peter Feiner <pfeiner@google.com>
Cc: Jon Cargille <jcargill@google.com>
Cc: Jim Mattson <jmattson@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200623194027.23135-2-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Reviewed-By: Jon Cargille <jcargill@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Drop kvm_arch_write_log_dirty() in favor of invoking .write_log_dirty()
directly from FNAME(update_accessed_dirty_bits). "kvm_arch" is usually
used for x86 functions that are invoked from generic KVM, and implies
that there are external callers, neither of which is true.
Remove the check for a non-NULL kvm_x86_ops hook as the call is wrapped
in PTTYPE_EPT and is unconditionally set by VMX.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200622215832.22090-3-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Unlike normal 'int' functions returning '0' on success, kvm_setup_async_pf()/
kvm_arch_setup_async_pf() return '1' when a job to handle page fault
asynchronously was scheduled and '0' otherwise. To avoid the confusion
change return type to 'bool'.
No functional change intended.
Suggested-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20200615121334.91300-1-vkuznets@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
KVM guest code in Linux enables APF only when KVM_FEATURE_ASYNC_PF_INT
is supported, this means we will never see KVM_PV_REASON_PAGE_READY
when handling page fault vmexit in KVM.
While on it, make sure we only follow genuine page fault path when
APF reason is zero. If we happen to see something else this means
that the underlying hypervisor is misbehaving. Leave WARN_ON_ONCE()
to catch that.
Signed-off-by: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Bit 8 would be the "global" bit, which does not quite make sense for non-leaf
page table entries. Intel ignores it; AMD ignores it in PDEs and PDPEs, but
reserves it in PML4Es.
Probably, earlier versions of the AMD manual documented it as reserved in PDPEs
as well, and that behavior made it into KVM as well as kvm-unit-tests; fix it.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Reported-by: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>
Fixes: a0c0feb579 ("KVM: x86: reserve bit 8 of non-leaf PDPEs and PML4Es in 64-bit mode on AMD", 2014-09-03)
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Explicitly pass the L2 GPA to kvm_arch_write_log_dirty(), which for all
intents and purposes is vmx_write_pml_buffer(), instead of having the
latter pull the GPA from vmcs.GUEST_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS. If the dirty bit
update is the result of KVM emulation (rare for L2), then the GPA in the
VMCS may be stale and/or hold a completely unrelated GPA.
Fixes: c5f983f6e8 ("nVMX: Implement emulated Page Modification Logging")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200622215832.22090-2-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
- Move the arch-specific code into arch/arm64/kvm
- Start the post-32bit cleanup
- Cherry-pick a few non-invasive pre-NV patches
x86:
- Rework of TLB flushing
- Rework of event injection, especially with respect to nested virtualization
- Nested AMD event injection facelift, building on the rework of generic code
and fixing a lot of corner cases
- Nested AMD live migration support
- Optimization for TSC deadline MSR writes and IPIs
- Various cleanups
- Asynchronous page fault cleanups (from tglx, common topic branch with tip tree)
- Interrupt-based delivery of asynchronous "page ready" events (host side)
- Hyper-V MSRs and hypercalls for guest debugging
- VMX preemption timer fixes
s390:
- Cleanups
Generic:
- switch vCPU thread wakeup from swait to rcuwait
The other architectures, and the guest side of the asynchronous page fault
work, will come next week.
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Merge tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm
Pull kvm updates from Paolo Bonzini:
"ARM:
- Move the arch-specific code into arch/arm64/kvm
- Start the post-32bit cleanup
- Cherry-pick a few non-invasive pre-NV patches
x86:
- Rework of TLB flushing
- Rework of event injection, especially with respect to nested
virtualization
- Nested AMD event injection facelift, building on the rework of
generic code and fixing a lot of corner cases
- Nested AMD live migration support
- Optimization for TSC deadline MSR writes and IPIs
- Various cleanups
- Asynchronous page fault cleanups (from tglx, common topic branch
with tip tree)
- Interrupt-based delivery of asynchronous "page ready" events (host
side)
- Hyper-V MSRs and hypercalls for guest debugging
- VMX preemption timer fixes
s390:
- Cleanups
Generic:
- switch vCPU thread wakeup from swait to rcuwait
The other architectures, and the guest side of the asynchronous page
fault work, will come next week"
* tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm: (256 commits)
KVM: selftests: fix rdtsc() for vmx_tsc_adjust_test
KVM: check userspace_addr for all memslots
KVM: selftests: update hyperv_cpuid with SynDBG tests
x86/kvm/hyper-v: Add support for synthetic debugger via hypercalls
x86/kvm/hyper-v: enable hypercalls regardless of hypercall page
x86/kvm/hyper-v: Add support for synthetic debugger interface
x86/hyper-v: Add synthetic debugger definitions
KVM: selftests: VMX preemption timer migration test
KVM: nVMX: Fix VMX preemption timer migration
x86/kvm/hyper-v: Explicitly align hcall param for kvm_hyperv_exit
KVM: x86/pmu: Support full width counting
KVM: x86/pmu: Tweak kvm_pmu_get_msr to pass 'struct msr_data' in
KVM: x86: announce KVM_FEATURE_ASYNC_PF_INT
KVM: x86: acknowledgment mechanism for async pf page ready notifications
KVM: x86: interrupt based APF 'page ready' event delivery
KVM: introduce kvm_read_guest_offset_cached()
KVM: rename kvm_arch_can_inject_async_page_present() to kvm_arch_can_dequeue_async_page_present()
KVM: x86: extend struct kvm_vcpu_pv_apf_data with token info
Revert "KVM: async_pf: Fix #DF due to inject "Page not Present" and "Page Ready" exceptions simultaneously"
KVM: VMX: Replace zero-length array with flexible-array
...
Currently, APF mechanism relies on the #PF abuse where the token is being
passed through CR2. If we switch to using interrupts to deliver page-ready
notifications we need a different way to pass the data. Extent the existing
'struct kvm_vcpu_pv_apf_data' with token information for page-ready
notifications.
While on it, rename 'reason' to 'flags'. This doesn't change the semantics
as we only have reasons '1' and '2' and these can be treated as bit flags
but KVM_PV_REASON_PAGE_READY is going away with interrupt based delivery
making 'reason' name misleading.
The newly introduced apf_put_user_ready() temporary puts both flags and
token information, this will be changed to put token only when we switch
to interrupt based notifications.
Signed-off-by: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Message-Id: <20200525144125.143875-3-vkuznets@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
This allows fetching the registers from the hsave area when setting
up the NPT shadow MMU, and is needed for KVM_SET_NESTED_STATE (which
runs long after the CR0, CR4 and EFER values in vcpu have been switched
to hold L2 guest state).
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
pic_in_kernel(), ioapic_in_kernel() and irqchip_kernel() have the
same implementation.
Signed-off-by: Peng Hao <richard.peng@oppo.com>
Message-Id: <HKAPR02MB4291D5926EA10B8BFE9EA0D3E0B70@HKAPR02MB4291.apcprd02.prod.outlook.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
We can simply look at bits 52-53 to identify MMIO entries in KVM's page
tables. Therefore, there is no need to pass a mask to kvm_mmu_set_mmio_spte_mask.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Set the mmio_value to '0' instead of simply clearing the present bit to
squash a benign warning in kvm_mmu_set_mmio_spte_mask() that complains
about the mmio_value overlapping the lower GFN mask on systems with 52
bits of PA space.
Opportunistically clean up the code and comments.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: d43e2675e9 ("KVM: x86: only do L1TF workaround on affected processors")
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200527084909.23492-1-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
While working on the entry consolidation I stumbled over the KVM async page
fault handler and kvm_async_pf_task_wait() in particular. It took me a
while to realize that the randomly sprinkled around rcu_irq_enter()/exit()
invocations are just cargo cult programming. Several patches "fixed" RCU
splats by curing the symptoms without noticing that the code is flawed
from a design perspective.
The main problem is that this async injection is not based on a proper
handshake mechanism and only respects the minimal requirement, i.e. the
guest is not in a state where it has interrupts disabled.
Aside of that the actual code is a convoluted one fits it all swiss army
knife. It is invoked from different places with different RCU constraints:
1) Host side:
vcpu_enter_guest()
kvm_x86_ops->handle_exit()
kvm_handle_page_fault()
kvm_async_pf_task_wait()
The invocation happens from fully preemptible context.
2) Guest side:
The async page fault interrupted:
a) user space
b) preemptible kernel code which is not in a RCU read side
critical section
c) non-preemtible kernel code or a RCU read side critical section
or kernel code with CONFIG_PREEMPTION=n which allows not to
differentiate between #2b and #2c.
RCU is watching for:
#1 The vCPU exited and current is definitely not the idle task
#2a The #PF entry code on the guest went through enter_from_user_mode()
which reactivates RCU
#2b There is no preemptible, interrupts enabled code in the kernel
which can run with RCU looking away. (The idle task is always
non preemptible).
I.e. all schedulable states (#1, #2a, #2b) do not need any of this RCU
voodoo at all.
In #2c RCU is eventually not watching, but as that state cannot schedule
anyway there is no point to worry about it so it has to invoke
rcu_irq_enter() before running that code. This can be optimized, but this
will be done as an extra step in course of the entry code consolidation
work.
So the proper solution for this is to:
- Split kvm_async_pf_task_wait() into schedule and halt based waiting
interfaces which share the enqueueing code.
- Add comments (condensed form of this changelog) to spare others the
time waste and pain of reverse engineering all of this with the help of
uncomprehensible changelogs and code history.
- Invoke kvm_async_pf_task_wait_schedule() from kvm_handle_page_fault(),
user mode and schedulable kernel side async page faults (#1, #2a, #2b)
- Invoke kvm_async_pf_task_wait_halt() for the non schedulable kernel
case (#2c).
For this case also remove the rcu_irq_exit()/enter() pair around the
halt as it is just a pointless exercise:
- vCPUs can VMEXIT at any random point and can be scheduled out for
an arbitrary amount of time by the host and this is not any
different except that it voluntary triggers the exit via halt.
- The interrupted context could have RCU watching already. So the
rcu_irq_exit() before the halt is not gaining anything aside of
confusing the reader. Claiming that this might prevent RCU stalls
is just an illusion.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Alexandre Chartre <alexandre.chartre@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200505134059.262701431@linutronix.de
KVM stores the gfn in MMIO SPTEs as a caching optimization. These are split
in two parts, as in "[high 11111 low]", to thwart any attempt to use these bits
in an L1TF attack. This works as long as there are 5 free bits between
MAXPHYADDR and bit 50 (inclusive), leaving bit 51 free so that the MMIO
access triggers a reserved-bit-set page fault.
The bit positions however were computed wrongly for AMD processors that have
encryption support. In this case, x86_phys_bits is reduced (for example
from 48 to 43, to account for the C bit at position 47 and four bits used
internally to store the SEV ASID and other stuff) while x86_cache_bits in
would remain set to 48, and _all_ bits between the reduced MAXPHYADDR
and bit 51 are set. Then low_phys_bits would also cover some of the
bits that are set in the shadow_mmio_value, terribly confusing the gfn
caching mechanism.
To fix this, avoid splitting gfns as long as the processor does not have
the L1TF bug (which includes all AMD processors). When there is no
splitting, low_phys_bits can be set to the reduced MAXPHYADDR removing
the overlap. This fixes "npt=0" operation on EPYC processors.
Thanks to Maxim Levitsky for bisecting this bug.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 52918ed5fc ("KVM: SVM: Override default MMIO mask if memory encryption is enabled")
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Add a helper, mmu_alloc_root(), to consolidate the allocation of a root
shadow page, which has the same basic mechanics for all flavors of TDP
and shadow paging.
Note, __pa(sp->spt) doesn't need to be protected by mmu_lock, sp->spt
points at a kernel page.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200428023714.31923-1-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Replace KVM's PT_PAGE_TABLE_LEVEL, PT_DIRECTORY_LEVEL and PT_PDPE_LEVEL
with the kernel's PG_LEVEL_4K, PG_LEVEL_2M and PG_LEVEL_1G. KVM's
enums are borderline impossible to remember and result in code that is
visually difficult to audit, e.g.
if (!enable_ept)
ept_lpage_level = 0;
else if (cpu_has_vmx_ept_1g_page())
ept_lpage_level = PT_PDPE_LEVEL;
else if (cpu_has_vmx_ept_2m_page())
ept_lpage_level = PT_DIRECTORY_LEVEL;
else
ept_lpage_level = PT_PAGE_TABLE_LEVEL;
versus
if (!enable_ept)
ept_lpage_level = 0;
else if (cpu_has_vmx_ept_1g_page())
ept_lpage_level = PG_LEVEL_1G;
else if (cpu_has_vmx_ept_2m_page())
ept_lpage_level = PG_LEVEL_2M;
else
ept_lpage_level = PG_LEVEL_4K;
No functional change intended.
Suggested-by: Barret Rhoden <brho@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200428005422.4235-4-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Rename PT_MAX_HUGEPAGE_LEVEL to KVM_MAX_HUGEPAGE_LEVEL and make it a
separate define in anticipation of dropping KVM's PT_*_LEVEL enums in
favor of the kernel's PG_LEVEL_* enums.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200428005422.4235-3-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Snapshot the TDP level now that it's invariant (SVM) or dependent only
on host capabilities and guest CPUID (VMX). This avoids having to call
kvm_x86_ops.get_tdp_level() when initializing a TDP MMU and/or
calculating the page role, and thus avoids the associated retpoline.
Drop the WARN in vmx_get_tdp_level() as updating CPUID while L2 is
active is legal, if dodgy.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200502043234.12481-11-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Create a new function kvm_is_visible_memslot() and use it from
kvm_is_visible_gfn(); use the new function in try_async_pf() too,
to avoid an extra memslot lookup.
Opportunistically squish a multi-line comment into a single-line comment.
Note, the end result, KVM_PFN_NOSLOT, is unchanged.
Cc: Jim Mattson <jmattson@google.com>
Cc: Rick Edgecombe <rick.p.edgecombe@intel.com>
Suggested-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Explicitly set @writable to false in try_async_pf() if the GFN->PFN
translation is short-circuited due to the requested GFN not being
visible to L2.
Leaving @writable ('map_writable' in the callers) uninitialized is ok
in that it's never actually consumed, but one has to track it all the
way through set_spte() being short-circuited by set_mmio_spte() to
understand that the uninitialized variable is benign, and relying on
@writable being ignored is an unnecessary risk. Explicitly setting
@writable also aligns try_async_pf() with __gfn_to_pfn_memslot().
Jim Mattson <jmattson@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200415214414.10194-2-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Rename functions and variables in kvm_mmu_new_cr3() and related code to
replace "cr3" with "pgd", i.e. continue the work started by commit
727a7e27cf ("KVM: x86: rename set_cr3 callback and related flags to
load_mmu_pgd"). kvm_mmu_new_cr3() and company are not always loading a
new CR3, e.g. when nested EPT is enabled "cr3" is actually an EPTP.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200320212833.3507-37-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Unconditionally skip the TLB flush triggered when reusing a root for a
nested transition as nested_vmx_transition_tlb_flush() ensures the TLB
is flushed when needed, regardless of whether the MMU can reuse a cached
root (or the last root).
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200320212833.3507-35-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Skip the MMU sync when reusing a cached root if EPT is enabled or L1
enabled VPID for L2.
If EPT is enabled, guest-physical mappings aren't flushed even if VPID
is disabled, i.e. L1 can't expect stale TLB entries to be flushed if it
has enabled EPT and L0 isn't shadowing PTEs (for L1 or L2) if L1 has
EPT disabled.
If VPID is enabled (and EPT is disabled), then L1 can't expect stale TLB
entries to be flushed (for itself or L2).
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200320212833.3507-34-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Add a module param, flush_on_reuse, to override skip_tlb_flush and
skip_mmu_sync when performing a so called "fast cr3 switch", i.e. when
reusing a cached root. The primary motiviation for the control is to
provide a fallback mechanism in the event that TLB flushing and/or MMU
sync bugs are exposed/introduced by upcoming changes to stop
unconditionally flushing on nested VMX transitions.
Suggested-by: Jim Mattson <jmattson@google.com>
Suggested-by: Junaid Shahid <junaids@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200320212833.3507-33-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Add a separate "skip" override for MMU sync, a future change to avoid
TLB flushes on nested VMX transitions may need to sync the MMU even if
the TLB flush is unnecessary.
Suggested-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200320212833.3507-32-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Handle the side effects of a fast CR3 (PGD) switch up a level in
__kvm_mmu_new_cr3(), which is the only caller of fast_cr3_switch().
This consolidates handling all side effects in __kvm_mmu_new_cr3()
(where freeing the current root when KVM can't do a fast switch is
already handled), and ameliorates the pain of adding a second boolean in
a future patch to provide a separate "skip" override for the MMU sync.
Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200320212833.3507-31-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Flush only the current ASID/context when requesting a TLB flush due to a
change in the current vCPU's MMU to avoid blasting away TLB entries
associated with other ASIDs/contexts, e.g. entries cached for L1 when
a change in L2's MMU requires a flush.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200320212833.3507-26-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Rename ->tlb_flush() to ->tlb_flush_all() in preparation for adding a
new hook to flush only the current ASID/context.
Opportunstically replace the comment in vmx_flush_tlb() that explains
why it flushes all EPTP/VPID contexts with a comment explaining why it
unconditionally uses INVEPT when EPT is enabled. I.e. rely on the "all"
part of the name to clarify why it does global INVEPT/INVVPID.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200320212833.3507-23-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Drop @invalidate_gpa from ->tlb_flush() and kvm_vcpu_flush_tlb() now
that all callers pass %true for said param, or ignore the param (SVM has
an internal call to svm_flush_tlb() in svm_flush_tlb_guest that somewhat
arbitrarily passes %false).
Remove __vmx_flush_tlb() as it is no longer used.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200320212833.3507-17-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
To reconstruct the kvm_mmu to be used for page fault injection, we
can simply use fault->nested_page_fault. This matches how
fault->nested_page_fault is assigned in the first place by
FNAME(walk_addr_generic).
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Wrap the combination of mmu->invlpg and kvm_x86_ops->tlb_flush_gva
into a new function. This function also lets us specify the host PGD to
invalidate and also the MMU, both of which will be useful in fixing and
simplifying kvm_inject_emulated_page_fault.
A nested guest's MMU however has g_context->invlpg == NULL. Instead of
setting it to nonpaging_invlpg, make kvm_mmu_invalidate_gva the only
entry point to mmu->invlpg and make a NULL invlpg pointer equivalent
to nonpaging_invlpg, saving a retpoline.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Replace the kvm_x86_ops pointer in common x86 with an instance of the
struct to save one pointer dereference when invoking functions. Copy the
struct by value to set the ops during kvm_init().
Arbitrarily use kvm_x86_ops.hardware_enable to track whether or not the
ops have been initialized, i.e. a vendor KVM module has been loaded.
Suggested-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Message-Id: <20200321202603.19355-7-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
The set_cr3 callback is not setting the guest CR3, it is setting the
root of the guest page tables, either shadow or two-dimensional.
To make this clearer as well as to indicate that the MMU calls it
via kvm_mmu_load_cr3, rename it to load_mmu_pgd.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Similar to what kvm-intel.ko is doing, provide a single callback that
merges svm_set_cr3, set_tdp_cr3 and nested_svm_set_tdp_cr3.
This lets us unify the set_cr3 and set_tdp_cr3 entries in kvm_x86_ops.
I'm doing that in this same patch because splitting it adds quite a bit
of churn due to the need for forward declarations. For the same reason
the assignment to vcpu->arch.mmu->set_cr3 is moved to kvm_init_shadow_mmu
from init_kvm_softmmu and nested_svm_init_mmu_context.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Extend guest_cpuid_is_amd() to cover Hygon virtual CPUs and rename it
accordingly. Hygon CPUs use an AMD-based core and so have the same
basic behavior as AMD CPUs.
Fixes: b8f4abb652 ("x86/kvm: Add Hygon Dhyana support to KVM")
Cc: Pu Wen <puwen@hygon.cn>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Configure the max page level during hardware setup to avoid a retpoline
in the page fault handler. Drop ->get_lpage_level() as the page fault
handler was the last user.
No functional change intended.
Reviewed-by: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Combine kvm_enable_tdp() and kvm_disable_tdp() into a single function,
kvm_configure_mmu(), in preparation for doing additional configuration
during hardware setup. And because having separate helpers is silly.
No functional change intended.
Reviewed-by: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Now that the emulation context is dynamically allocated and not embedded
in struct kvm_vcpu, move its header, kvm_emulate.h, out of the public
asm directory and into KVM's private x86 directory.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Rename kvm_mmu->get_cr3() to call out that it is retrieving a guest
value, as opposed to kvm_mmu->set_cr3(), which sets a host value, and to
note that it will return something other than CR3 when nested EPT is in
use. Hopefully the new name will also make it more obvious that L1's
nested_cr3 is returned in SVM's nested NPT case.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Add support for 5-level nested EPT, and advertise said support in the
EPT capabilities MSR. KVM's MMU can already handle 5-level legacy page
tables, there's no reason to force an L1 VMM to use shadow paging if it
wants to employ 5-level page tables.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Drop kvm_mmu_extended_role.cr4_la57 now that mmu_role doesn't mask off
level, which already incorporates the guest's CR4.LA57 for a shadow MMU
by querying is_la57_mode().
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Use the calculated role as-is when propagating it to kvm_mmu.mmu_role,
i.e. stop masking off meaningful fields. The concept of masking off
fields came from kvm_mmu_pte_write(), which (correctly) ignores certain
fields when comparing kvm_mmu_page.role against kvm_mmu.mmu_role, e.g.
the current mmu's access and level have no relation to a shadow page's
access and level.
Masking off the level causes problems for 5-level paging, e.g. CR4.LA57
has its own redundant flag in the extended role, and nested EPT would
need a similar hack to support 5-level paging for L2.
Opportunistically rework the mask for kvm_mmu_pte_write() to define the
fields that should be ignored as opposed to the fields that should be
checked, i.e. make it opt-out instead of opt-in so that new fields are
automatically picked up. While doing so, stop ignoring "direct". The
field is effectively ignored anyways because kvm_mmu_pte_write() is only
reached with an indirect mmu and the loop only walks indirect shadow
pages, but double checking "direct" literally costs nothing.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
It could take kvm->mmu_lock for an extended period of time when
enabling dirty log for the first time. The main cost is to clear
all the D-bits of last level SPTEs. This situation can benefit from
manual dirty log protect as well, which can reduce the mmu_lock
time taken. The sequence is like this:
1. Initialize all the bits of the dirty bitmap to 1 when enabling
dirty log for the first time
2. Only write protect the huge pages
3. KVM_GET_DIRTY_LOG returns the dirty bitmap info
4. KVM_CLEAR_DIRTY_LOG will clear D-bit for each of the leaf level
SPTEs gradually in small chunks
Under the Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 6152 CPU @ 2.10GHz environment,
I did some tests with a 128G windows VM and counted the time taken
of memory_global_dirty_log_start, here is the numbers:
VM Size Before After optimization
128G 460ms 10ms
Signed-off-by: Jay Zhou <jianjay.zhou@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Reuse the current root when possible instead of grabbing a different
root from the array of cached roots. Doing so avoids unnecessary MMU
switches and also fixes a quirk where KVM can't reuse roots without
creating multiple roots since the cache is a victim cache, i.e. roots
are added to the cache when they're "evicted", not when they are
created. The quirk could be fixed by adding roots to the cache on
creation, but that would reduce the effective size of the cache as one
of its entries would be burned to track the current root.
Reusing the current root is especially helpful for nested virt as the
current root is almost always usable for the "new" MMU on nested
VM-entry/VM-exit.
Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Ignore the guest's CR3 when looking for a cached root for a direct MMU,
the guest's CR3 has no impact on the direct MMU's shadow pages (the
role check ensures compatibility with CR0.WP, etc...).
Zero out root_cr3 when allocating the direct roots to make it clear that
it's ignored.
Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Replace open coded instances of kvm_arch_flush_remote_tlbs_memslot()'s
functionality with calls to the aforementioned function. Update the
comment in kvm_arch_flush_remote_tlbs_memslot() to elaborate on how it
is used and why it asserts that slots_lock is held.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Use the with_address() variant when performing a TLB flush for a
specific memslot via kvm_arch_flush_remote_tlbs_memslot(), i.e. when
flushing after clearing dirty bits during KVM_{GET,CLEAR}_DIRTY_LOG.
This aligns all dirty log memslot-specific TLB flushes to use the
with_address() variant and paves the way for consolidating the relevant
code.
Note, moving to the with_address() variant only affects functionality
when running as a HyperV guest.
Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Move kvm_arch_flush_remote_tlbs_memslot() from x86.c to mmu.c in
preparation for calling kvm_flush_remote_tlbs_with_address() instead of
kvm_flush_remote_tlbs(). The with_address() variant is statically
defined in mmu.c, arguably kvm_arch_flush_remote_tlbs_memslot() belongs
in mmu.c anyways, and defining kvm_arch_flush_remote_tlbs_memslot() in
mmu.c will allow the compiler to inline said function when a future
patch consolidates open coded variants of the function.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Add a new emulation type flag to explicitly mark emulation related to a
page fault. Move the propation of the GPA into the emulator from the
page fault handler into x86_emulate_instruction, using EMULTYPE_PF as an
indicator that cr2 is valid. Similarly, don't propagate cr2 into the
exception.address when it's *not* valid.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Use %u to print u32 var and correct some coding style.
Signed-off-by: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Wrap calls to ->page_fault() with a small shim to directly invoke the
TDP fault handler when the kernel is using retpolines and TDP is being
used. Single out the TDP fault handler and annotate the TDP path as
likely to coerce the compiler into preferring it over the indirect
function call.
Rename tdp_page_fault() to kvm_tdp_page_fault(), as it's exposed outside
of mmu.c to allow inlining the shim.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Separate the functions for generating MMIO page table entries from the
function that inserts them into the paging structure. This refactoring
will facilitate changes to the MMU sychronization model to use atomic
compare / exchanges (which are not guaranteed to succeed) instead of a
monolithic MMU lock.
No functional change expected.
Tested by running kvm-unit-tests on an Intel Haswell machine. This
commit introduced no new failures.
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Oliver Upton <oupton@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Peter Shier <pshier@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
There are several functions which pass an access permission mask for
SPTEs as an unsigned. This works, but checkpatch complains about it.
Switch the occurrences of unsigned to unsigned int to satisfy checkpatch.
No functional change expected.
Tested by running kvm-unit-tests on an Intel Haswell machine. This
commit introduced no new failures.
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Oliver Upton <oupton@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
PPC: Bugfixes
x86:
* Support for mapping DAX areas with large nested page table entries.
* Cleanups and bugfixes here too. A particularly important one is
a fix for FPU load when the thread has TIF_NEED_FPU_LOAD. There is
also a race condition which could be used in guest userspace to exploit
the guest kernel, for which the embargo expired today.
* Fast path for IPI delivery vmexits, shaving about 200 clock cycles
from IPI latency.
* Protect against "Spectre-v1/L1TF" (bring data in the cache via
speculative out of bound accesses, use L1TF on the sibling hyperthread
to read it), which unfortunately is an even bigger whack-a-mole game
than SpectreV1.
Sean continues his mission to rewrite KVM. In addition to a sizable
number of x86 patches, this time he contributed a pretty large refactoring
of vCPU creation that affects all architectures but should not have any
visible effect.
s390 will come next week together with some more x86 patches.
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Merge tag 'kvm-5.6-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm
Pull KVM updates from Paolo Bonzini:
"This is the first batch of KVM changes.
ARM:
- cleanups and corner case fixes.
PPC:
- Bugfixes
x86:
- Support for mapping DAX areas with large nested page table entries.
- Cleanups and bugfixes here too. A particularly important one is a
fix for FPU load when the thread has TIF_NEED_FPU_LOAD. There is
also a race condition which could be used in guest userspace to
exploit the guest kernel, for which the embargo expired today.
- Fast path for IPI delivery vmexits, shaving about 200 clock cycles
from IPI latency.
- Protect against "Spectre-v1/L1TF" (bring data in the cache via
speculative out of bound accesses, use L1TF on the sibling
hyperthread to read it), which unfortunately is an even bigger
whack-a-mole game than SpectreV1.
Sean continues his mission to rewrite KVM. In addition to a sizable
number of x86 patches, this time he contributed a pretty large
refactoring of vCPU creation that affects all architectures but should
not have any visible effect.
s390 will come next week together with some more x86 patches"
* tag 'kvm-5.6-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm: (204 commits)
x86/KVM: Clean up host's steal time structure
x86/KVM: Make sure KVM_VCPU_FLUSH_TLB flag is not missed
x86/kvm: Cache gfn to pfn translation
x86/kvm: Introduce kvm_(un)map_gfn()
x86/kvm: Be careful not to clear KVM_VCPU_FLUSH_TLB bit
KVM: PPC: Book3S PR: Fix -Werror=return-type build failure
KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: Release lock on page-out failure path
KVM: arm64: Treat emulated TVAL TimerValue as a signed 32-bit integer
KVM: arm64: pmu: Only handle supported event counters
KVM: arm64: pmu: Fix chained SW_INCR counters
KVM: arm64: pmu: Don't mark a counter as chained if the odd one is disabled
KVM: arm64: pmu: Don't increment SW_INCR if PMCR.E is unset
KVM: x86: Use a typedef for fastop functions
KVM: X86: Add 'else' to unify fastop and execute call path
KVM: x86: inline memslot_valid_for_gpte
KVM: x86/mmu: Use huge pages for DAX-backed files
KVM: x86/mmu: Remove lpage_is_disallowed() check from set_spte()
KVM: x86/mmu: Fold max_mapping_level() into kvm_mmu_hugepage_adjust()
KVM: x86/mmu: Zap any compound page when collapsing sptes
KVM: x86/mmu: Remove obsolete gfn restoration in FNAME(fetch)
...
Walk the host page tables to identify hugepage mappings for ZONE_DEVICE
pfns, i.e. DAX pages. Explicitly query kvm_is_zone_device_pfn() when
deciding whether or not to bother walking the host page tables, as DAX
pages do not set up the head/tail infrastructure, i.e. will return false
for PageCompound() even when using huge pages.
Zap ZONE_DEVICE sptes when disabling dirty logging, e.g. if live
migration fails, to allow KVM to rebuild large pages for DAX-based
mappings. Presumably DAX favors large pages, and worst case scenario is
a minor performance hit as KVM will need to re-fault all DAX-based
pages.
Suggested-by: Barret Rhoden <brho@google.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Jason Zeng <jason.zeng@intel.com>
Cc: Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
Cc: Liran Alon <liran.alon@oracle.com>
Cc: linux-nvdimm <linux-nvdimm@lists.01.org>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Remove the late "lpage is disallowed" check from set_spte() now that the
initial check is performed after acquiring mmu_lock. Fold the guts of
the remaining helper, __mmu_gfn_lpage_is_disallowed(), into
kvm_mmu_hugepage_adjust() to eliminate the unnecessary slot !NULL check.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Fold max_mapping_level() into kvm_mmu_hugepage_adjust() now that HugeTLB
mappings are handled in kvm_mmu_hugepage_adjust(), i.e. there isn't a
need to pre-calculate the max mapping level. Co-locating all hugepage
checks eliminates a memslot lookup, at the cost of performing the
__mmu_gfn_lpage_is_disallowed() checks while holding mmu_lock.
The latency of lpage_is_disallowed() is likely negligible relative to
the rest of the code run while holding mmu_lock, and can be offset to
some extent by eliminating the mmu_gfn_lpage_is_disallowed() check in
set_spte() in a future patch. Eliminating the check in set_spte() is
made possible by performing the initial lpage_is_disallowed() checks
while holding mmu_lock.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Zap any compound page, e.g. THP or HugeTLB pages, when zapping sptes
that can potentially be converted to huge sptes after disabling dirty
logging on the associated memslot. Note, this approach could result in
false positives, e.g. if a random compound page is mapped into the
guest, but mapping non-huge compound pages into the guest is far from
the norm, and toggling dirty logging is not a frequent operation.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Remove KVM's HugeTLB specific logic and instead rely on walking the host
page tables (already done for THP) to identify HugeTLB mappings.
Eliminating the HugeTLB-only logic avoids taking mmap_sem and calling
find_vma() for all hugepage compatible page faults, and simplifies KVM's
page fault code by consolidating all hugepage adjustments into a common
helper.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Remove fast_page_fault()'s optimization to stop the shadow walk if the
iterator level drops below the intended map level. The intended map
level is only acccurate for HugeTLB mappings (THP mappings are detected
after fast_page_fault()), i.e. it's not required for correctness, and
a future patch will also move HugeTLB mapping detection to after
fast_page_fault().
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Explicitly walk the host page tables to identify THP mappings instead
of relying solely on the metadata in struct page. This sets the stage
for using a common method of identifying huge mappings regardless of the
underlying implementation (HugeTLB vs THB vs DAX), and hopefully avoids
the pitfalls of relying on metadata to identify THP mappings, e.g. see
commit 169226f7e0 ("mm: thp: handle page cache THP correctly in
PageTransCompoundMap") and the need for KVM to explicitly check for a
THP compound page. KVM will also naturally work with 1gb THP pages, if
they are ever supported.
Walking the tables for THP mappings is likely marginally slower than
querying metadata, but a future patch will reuse the walk to identify
HugeTLB mappings, at which point eliminating the existing VMA lookup for
HugeTLB will make this a net positive.
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Barret Rhoden <brho@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Refactor transparent_hugepage_adjust() in preparation for walking the
host page tables to identify hugepage mappings, initially for THP pages,
and eventualy for HugeTLB and DAX-backed pages as well. The latter
cases support 1gb pages, i.e. the adjustment logic needs access to the
max allowed level.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Use kvm_vcpu_gfn_to_hva() when retrieving the host page size so that the
correct set of memslots is used when handling x86 page faults in SMM.
Fixes: 54bf36aac5 ("KVM: x86: use vcpu-specific functions to read/write/translate GFNs")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Add a helper, is_transparent_hugepage(), to explicitly check whether a
compound page is a THP and use it when populating KVM's secondary MMU.
The explicit check fixes a bug where a remapped compound page, e.g. for
an XDP Rx socket, is mapped into a KVM guest and is mistaken for a THP,
which results in KVM incorrectly creating a huge page in its secondary
MMU.
Fixes: 936a5fe6e6 ("thp: kvm mmu transparent hugepage support")
Reported-by: syzbot+c9d1fb51ac9d0d10c39d@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Limit KVM's mapping level for HugeTLB based on its calculated max_level.
The max_level check prior to invoking host_mapping_level() only filters
out the case where KVM cannot create a 2mb mapping, it doesn't handle
the scenario where KVM can create a 2mb but not 1gb mapping, and the
host is using a 1gb HugeTLB mapping.
Fixes: 2f57b7051f ("KVM: x86/mmu: Persist gfn_lpage_is_disallowed() to max_level")
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
The SPTE_MMIO_MASK overlaps with the bits used to track MMIO
generation number. A high enough generation number would overwrite the
SPTE_SPECIAL_MASK region and cause the MMIO SPTE to be misinterpreted.
Likewise, setting bits 52 and 53 would also cause an incorrect generation
number to be read from the PTE, though this was partially mitigated by the
(useless if it weren't for the bug) removal of SPTE_SPECIAL_MASK from
the spte in get_mmio_spte_generation. Drop that removal, and replace
it with a compile-time assertion.
Fixes: 6eeb4ef049 ("KVM: x86: assign two bits to track SPTE kinds")
Reported-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Remove the bogus 64-bit only condition from the check that disables MMIO
spte optimization when the system supports the max PA, i.e. doesn't have
any reserved PA bits. 32-bit KVM always uses PAE paging for the shadow
MMU, and per Intel's SDM:
PAE paging translates 32-bit linear addresses to 52-bit physical
addresses.
The kernel's restrictions on max physical addresses are limits on how
much memory the kernel can reasonably use, not what physical addresses
are supported by hardware.
Fixes: ce88decffd ("KVM: MMU: mmio page fault support")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Rework the handling of nEPT's bad memtype/XWR checks to micro-optimize
the checks as much as possible. Move the check to a separate helper,
__is_bad_mt_xwr(), which allows the guest_rsvd_check usage in
paging_tmpl.h to omit the check entirely for paging32/64 (bad_mt_xwr is
always zero for non-nEPT) while retaining the bitwise-OR of the current
code for the shadow_zero_check in walk_shadow_page_get_mmio_spte().
Add a comment for the bitwise-OR usage in the mmio spte walk to avoid
future attempts to "fix" the code, which is what prompted this
optimization in the first place[*].
Opportunistically remove the superfluous '!= 0' and parantheses, and
use BIT_ULL() instead of open coding its equivalent.
The net effect is that code generation is largely unchanged for
walk_shadow_page_get_mmio_spte(), marginally better for
ept_prefetch_invalid_gpte(), and significantly improved for
paging32/64_prefetch_invalid_gpte().
Note, walk_shadow_page_get_mmio_spte() can't use a templated version of
the memtype/XRW as it works on the host's shadow PTEs, e.g. checks that
KVM hasn't borked its EPT tables. Even if it could be templated, the
benefits of having a single implementation far outweight the few uops
that would be saved for NPT or non-TDP paging, e.g. most compilers
inline it all the way to up kvm_mmu_page_fault().
[*] https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200108001859.25254-1-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com
Cc: Jim Mattson <jmattson@google.com>
Cc: David Laight <David.Laight@ACULAB.COM>
Cc: Arvind Sankar <nivedita@alum.mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
WARN if root_hpa is invalid when handling a page fault. The check on
root_hpa exists for historical reasons that no longer apply to the
current KVM code base.
Remove an equivalent debug-only warning in direct_page_fault(), whose
existence more or less confirms that root_hpa should always be valid
when handling a page fault.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
WARN on the existing invalid root_hpa checks in __direct_map() and
FNAME(fetch). The "legitimate" path that invalidated root_hpa in the
middle of a page fault is long since gone, i.e. it should no longer be
impossible to invalidate in the middle of a page fault[*].
The root_hpa checks were added by two related commits
989c6b34f6 ("KVM: MMU: handle invalid root_hpa at __direct_map")
37f6a4e237 ("KVM: x86: handle invalid root_hpa everywhere")
to fix a bug where nested_vmx_vmexit() could be called *in the middle*
of a page fault. At the time, vmx_interrupt_allowed(), which was and
still is used by kvm_can_do_async_pf() via ->interrupt_allowed(),
directly invoked nested_vmx_vmexit() to switch from L2 to L1 to emulate
a VM-Exit on a pending interrupt. Emulating the nested VM-Exit resulted
in root_hpa being invalidated by kvm_mmu_reset_context() without
explicitly terminating the page fault.
Now that root_hpa is checked for validity by kvm_mmu_page_fault(), WARN
on an invalid root_hpa to detect any flows that reset the MMU while
handling a page fault. The broken vmx_interrupt_allowed() behavior has
long since been fixed and resetting the MMU during a page fault should
not be considered legal behavior.
[*] It's actually technically possible in FNAME(page_fault)() because it
calls inject_page_fault() when the guest translation is invalid, but
in that case the page fault handling is immediately terminated.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Add a check on root_hpa at the beginning of the page fault handler to
consolidate several checks on root_hpa that are scattered throughout the
page fault code. This is a preparatory step towards eventually removing
such checks altogether, or at the very least WARNing if an invalid root
is encountered. Remove only the checks that can be easily audited to
confirm that root_hpa cannot be invalidated between their current
location and the new check in kvm_mmu_page_fault(), and aren't currently
protected by mmu_lock, i.e. keep the checks in __direct_map() and
FNAME(fetch) for the time being.
The root_hpa checks that are consolidate were all added by commit
37f6a4e237 ("KVM: x86: handle invalid root_hpa everywhere")
which was a follow up to a bug fix for __direct_map(), commit
989c6b34f6 ("KVM: MMU: handle invalid root_hpa at __direct_map")
At the time, nested VMX had, in hindsight, crazy handling of nested
interrupts and would trigger a nested VM-Exit in ->interrupt_allowed(),
and thus unexpectedly reset the MMU in flows such as can_do_async_pf().
Now that the wonky nested VM-Exit behavior is gone, the root_hpa checks
are bogus and confusing, e.g. it's not at all obvious what they actually
protect against, and at first glance they appear to be broken since many
of them run without holding mmu_lock.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Move the calls to thp_adjust() down a level from the page fault handlers
to the map/fetch helpers and remove the page count shuffling done in
thp_adjust().
Despite holding a reference to the underlying page while processing a
page fault, the page fault flows don't actually rely on holding a
reference to the page when thp_adjust() is called. At that point, the
fault handlers hold mmu_lock, which prevents mmu_notifier from completing
any invalidations, and have verified no invalidations from mmu_notifier
have occurred since the page reference was acquired (which is done prior
to taking mmu_lock).
The kvm_release_pfn_clean()/kvm_get_pfn() dance in thp_adjust() is a
quirk that is necessitated because thp_adjust() modifies the pfn that is
consumed by its caller. Because the page fault handlers call
kvm_release_pfn_clean() on said pfn, thp_adjust() needs to transfer the
reference to the correct pfn purely for correctness when the pfn is
released.
Calling thp_adjust() from __direct_map() and FNAME(fetch) means the pfn
adjustment doesn't change the pfn as seen by the page fault handlers,
i.e. the pfn released by the page fault handlers is the same pfn that
was returned by gfn_to_pfn().
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Move thp_adjust() above __direct_map() in preparation of calling
thp_adjust() from __direct_map() and FNAME(fetch).
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Consolidate the direct MMU page fault handlers into a common helper,
direct_page_fault(). Except for unique max level conditions, the tdp
and nonpaging fault handlers are functionally identical.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Rename __direct_map()'s param that controls whether or not a disallowed
NX large page should be accounted to match what it actually does. The
nonpaging_page_fault() case unconditionally passes %false for the param
even though it locally sets lpage_disallowed.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Persist the max page level calculated via gfn_lpage_is_disallowed() to
the max level "returned" by mapping_level() so that its naturally taken
into account by the max level check that conditions calling
transparent_hugepage_adjust().
Drop the gfn_lpage_is_disallowed() check in thp_adjust() as it's now
handled by mapping_level() and its callers.
Add a comment to document the behavior of host_mapping_level() and its
interaction with max level and transparent huge pages.
Note, transferring the gfn_lpage_is_disallowed() from thp_adjust() to
mapping_level() superficially affects how changes to a memslot's
disallow_lpage count will be handled due to thp_adjust() being run while
holding mmu_lock.
In the more common case where a different vCPU increments the count via
account_shadowed(), gfn_lpage_is_disallowed() is rechecked by set_spte()
to ensure a writable large page isn't created.
In the less common case where the count is decremented to zero due to
all shadow pages in the memslot being zapped, THP behavior now matches
hugetlbfs behavior in the sense that a small page will be created when a
large page could be used if the count reaches zero in the miniscule
window between mapping_level() and acquiring mmu_lock.
Lastly, the new THP behavior also follows hugetlbfs behavior in the
absurdly unlikely scenario of a memslot being moved such that the
memslot's compatibility with respect to large pages changes, but without
changing the validity of the gpf->pfn walk. I.e. if a memslot is moved
between mapping_level() and snapshotting mmu_seq, it's theoretically
possible to consume a stale disallow_lpage count. But, since KVM zaps
all shadow pages when moving a memslot and forces all vCPUs to reload a
new MMU, the inserted spte will always be thrown away prior to
completing the memslot move, i.e. whether or not the spte accurately
reflects disallow_lpage is irrelevant.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Refactor the page fault handlers and mapping_level() to track the max
allowed page level instead of only tracking if a 4k page is mandatory
due to one restriction or another. This paves the way for cleanly
consolidating tdp_page_fault() and nonpaging_page_fault(), and for
eliminating a redundant check on mmu_gfn_lpage_is_disallowed().
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Invert the loop which adjusts the allowed page level based on what's
compatible with the associated memslot to use a largest-to-smallest
page size walk. This paves the way for passing around a "max level"
variable instead of having redundant checks and/or multiple booleans.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Pre-calculate the max level for a TDP page with respect to MTRR cache
consistency in preparation of replacing force_pt_level with max_level,
and eventually combining the bulk of nonpaging_page_fault() and
tdp_page_fault() into a common helper.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Move nonpaging_page_fault() below try_async_pf() to eliminate the
forward declaration of try_async_pf() and to prepare for combining the
bulk of nonpaging_page_fault() and tdp_page_fault() into a common
helper.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Fold nonpaging_map() into its sole caller, nonpaging_page_fault(), in
preparation for combining the bulk of nonpaging_page_fault() and
tdp_page_fault() into a common helper.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Move make_mmu_pages_available() above its first user to put it closer
to related code and eliminate a forward declaration.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Convert a plethora of parameters and variables in the MMU and page fault
flows from type gva_t to gpa_t to properly handle TDP on 32-bit KVM.
Thanks to PSE and PAE paging, 32-bit kernels can access 64-bit physical
addresses. When TDP is enabled, the fault address is a guest physical
address and thus can be a 64-bit value, even when both KVM and its guest
are using 32-bit virtual addressing, e.g. VMX's VMCS.GUEST_PHYSICAL is a
64-bit field, not a natural width field.
Using a gva_t for the fault address means KVM will incorrectly drop the
upper 32-bits of the GPA. Ditto for gva_to_gpa() when it is used to
translate L2 GPAs to L1 GPAs.
Opportunistically rename variables and parameters to better reflect the
dual address modes, e.g. use "cr2_or_gpa" for fault addresses and plain
"addr" instead of "vaddr" when the address may be either a GVA or an L2
GPA. Similarly, use "gpa" in the nonpaging_page_fault() flows to avoid
a confusing "gpa_t gva" declaration; this also sets the stage for a
future patch to combing nonpaging_page_fault() and tdp_page_fault() with
minimal churn.
Sprinkle in a few comments to document flows where an address is known
to be a GVA and thus can be safely truncated to a 32-bit value. Add
WARNs in kvm_handle_page_fault() and FNAME(gva_to_gpa_nested)() to help
document such cases and detect bugs.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
When we reach here, we have desc->sptes[j] = NULL with j = 0.
So we can replace desc->sptes[0] with 0 to make it more clear.
Signed-off-by: Miaohe Lin <linmiaohe@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
The comment in kvm_get_shadow_phys_bits refers to MKTME, but the same is actually
true of SME and SEV. Just use CPUID[0x8000_0008].EAX[7:0] unconditionally if
available, it is simplest and works even if memory is not encrypted.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Reported-by: Tom Lendacky <thomas.lendacky@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
pat.h is a file whose main purpose is to provide the memtype_*() APIs.
PAT is the low level hardware mechanism - but the high level abstraction
is memtype.
So name the header <memtype.h> as well - this goes hand in hand with memtype.c
and memtype_interval.c.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Preparatory work for shattering mmu.c into multiple files. Besides making it easier
to follow, this will also make it possible to write unit tests for various parts.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
